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2. Blood glucose levels are managed by these 2 hormones

3. What are insulin and glucagon?

4. The 2 roles of calcitonin.

5. What is bones take up calcium ions? What is kidneys to reduce Ca uptake?

6. The hormone that opposes calcitonin and its role.

7. What is PTH? What is release Ca ions from bones? What is cause Ca reuptake in kidneys?

8. The pancreas’ response to hi blood sugar and the liver’s action.

9. What is the pancreas releases insulin & the liver takes up glucose & stores it as glycogen?

10. Vitamin D’s role in regulating Calcium ion concentrations.

11. What vitamin D is converted to a steroid like molecule that stimulates the intestines to take up more Ca ions? (it reinforces the effect of PTH)

12. This is the part of the nephron where the blood flows into a ball of capillaries and filtrate is first formed.

13. What is glomerulus?

14. ______ is removed from the filtrate in the descending loop and ____ is removed in the ascending.

15. What water (descending) and NaCl (ascending)?

16. The 3 regions of the nephron from most concentrated to least concentrated.

17. What is inner medulla, outer medulla and cortex?

18. This role of ADH in regulating kidney.

19. What is when you’ve had plenty of water, less ADH is released and the urine gets very dilute? What is when you’ve had very little water, more ADH is released, more water is taken up by collecting duct and urine gets very concentrated?

20. The 5 components of urine.

21. What are water, urea, salts, HCO3 -, H + ?

22. In biology, there are lots of repeating units that function in many parts of the body. This is the repeating unit found in the muscle fibers.

23. What is the sarcomere?

24. The boundary of the muscle fiber.

25. What is the Z line?

26. This area only has actin(thin) fibers when the muscle is at rest.

27. What is the i-band?

28. All 3 of these zones get shorter when the muscle contracts.

29. What are H, I and Z?

30. DESCRIBE how muscles are kept from contracting when the body is not using them with the 3 key players.

31. What is Calcium must be present, tropomyosin blocks actin’s active site and myosin (thick) can’t bind?

32. Most veins carry ______ blood, the exception to this is the _______.

33. What is deoxygenated and the pulmonary vein?

34. The side of the human heart that contains oxygenated blood is the ___ and the side that contains the deoxygenated is the ____.

35. What is left (O) and right (DO)?

36. The heartiest chamber of the heart & why.

37. What is left ventricle because it has to pump blood throughout the body/to the extremities?

38. The heartbeat is regulated this way by this part of the heart.

39. What is the SA node sends out impulses that sets the rate and timing of the contractions?

40. Order from lung to cell:  Lung, vein, artery, venule, arteriole, aorta, vena cava, left atrium, cell, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, pulmonary vein, cell, pulmonary artery, capillary, alveoli.  Not all are used necessarily.

41. What alveoli, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, artery, arteriole, capillary cell?

42. This hormone is responsible for how we feel pain.

43. What are prostaglandins?

44. These facilitate hormones accumulating in the proper cells/cells that are sensitive to them.

45. What are intracellular receptors?

46. This hormone is responsible for feelings of hunger.

47. What is gherelin?

48. The lub dub you hear when someone’s heart beats is caused by this.

49. What is the blood recoiling against the AV and semilunar valves, respectively?

50. The pituitary gland releases these 8 hormones.

51. What are oxytocin, ADH, GH, prolactin, FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH?.