1. Non-Communicable Diseases

2. Non-Communicable Diseases
Disease that is not transmitted by another person, a vector, or the environment
Cardiovascular Disease is one of the most common and preventable diseases

3. Cancer Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells
More than 100 types
Occurs because of DNA damage
A buildup can cause a tumor
Abnormal mass of tissue that has no natural role in the body
2 types: benign and malignant
Benign grows slowly and is noncancerous but could interfere with normal body functions
Malignant spreads to other tissues and is cancerous
Metastasis
Malignant tumors spread throughout the body, divide, and form new tumors

5. Types of Cancer Lymphomas – affect immune system
Leukemias – affect blood-forming organs
Carcinomas – affect glands and body linings
including skin
Sarcomas – affect connective tissues

6. Risk Factors for Cancer
Exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substance)
Tobacco and UV light are most common
Tobacco and tobacco smoke contain at least 43 different carcinogens
215,000 new cases of lung cancer related to smoking are diagnosed each year
Radiation (UV light)
Skin that is tanned is your skin’s reaction to damage from the UV light

7. Risk Factors for Cancer
STD’s
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical cancer
Hepatitis B can cause liver cancer
Dietary Factors
High fat, low fiber diets often linked with colon, breast, and prostate cancers
Heredity
Family history can determine if you are at a higher risk

8. Treatments for Cancer Surgery to remove cancerous masses
Radiation therapy uses radioactive substances to kill cancer cells and shrink cancerous masses
Chemotherapy uses chemicals to destroy cancer cells
Immunotherapy activates a person’s immune system to recognize specific cancers and destroy them
Hormone therapy uses medicines to interfere with the production of certain hormones that facilitate cancer growth.

9. Diabetes
Type 1 and Type 2
A chronic disease that affects the way body cells convert sugar into energy
Pancreas produces too little or no insulin
Insulin helps glucose enter body cells
Type 1 accounts for 5 – 10% of all diabetes cases
Body fails to produce insulin and glucose builds up in the blood
Cells begin attacking and destroying cells in the pancreas that produce insulin
Daily doses of insulin are required through injections or a specially attached pump

10. Diabetes Type 2 accounts for 90-95% of all cases
Usually appears in adults over age 40
Disease is developing in younger adults, teens, and children
Body is unable to use insulin properly or is not making enough
Low-fat, low-calorie foods rich in protein and limited in carbohydrates and regular physical activity help manage diabetes