1. 1 Kavaya – IIP-2004 LaRC Instrument Incubator Project Update by M. J. Kavaya, G. J. Koch, J. Yu, U. N. Singh, B. Trieu, F. Amzajerdian NASA Langley Research Center M. Petros Science and Technology Corp. to Working Group on Space-Based Lidar Winds Jan. 17-20, 2006 Key West, Florida

2. 2 Kavaya – IIP-2004 Project Approach Proposed as partnership between LaRC and Raytheon Space and Aircraft Systems Cancellation by NASA Exploration of “Laser/Lidar Technologies for Exploration” Project in FY06 and beyond produced immediate threat to LaRC lidar group Examined possibility of in-house execution of project and converted to that approach during December 2005 We greatly appreciate Raytheon’s interest and contributions and look forward to joint efforts in future Official start date is 12/20/05; 3 years duration Will use LaRC’s unique Ho:Tm:LuLF solid-state 2-micron laser technology Will begin with partially conductively cooled (PCC) laser design (LDAs are conductively cooled and the laser rod is liquid cooled). The packaged lidar may be upgraded to fully conductively cooled (FCC) in the future. Will package with eye on aircraft operation and space qualification needs Beyond IIP, will require telescope, scanner, and software for aircraft operation

3. 3 Kavaya – IIP-2004 Global Tropospheric Wind Profiles: Example Roadmap 2 micron laser 1988 Demo, NPOESS UAV Operation Aircraft Operation Compact Packaging Space Qualif. Pre-Launch Validation Packaged Lidar Ground Demo. Conductive Cooling Techn. 1999 Threshold, 400 km Autonomous Oper. Technol. Space Qualif. Pre-Launch Validation 2-Micron Coherent Doppler Lidar 0.355-Micron Direct Doppler Lidar Laser Risk Reduction Program IIP-2004 Projects Past Funding Diode Pump Technology 1993 Inj. Seeding Technology 1996 Autonomous Oper. Technol. 1 micron laser Compact Packaging Packaged Lidar Ground Demo. Conductive Cooling Techn. Diode Pump Technology Inj. Seeding Technology High Energy Technology 1997 High Energy Technology Lifetime Validation 3-Yr. Lifetime Validation 1 micron altimetry space missions 2 micron Doppler wind aircraft flights Pump Laser Diode Advancement Dual Wavelength Telescope & Scanner Optional Ground- Based Risk Reduction (IPO) Lidar Perf. Simulations OSSE’s

4. 4 LaRC Development of Pulsed, 2-Micron Laser Technology For Space Category Sub-Category/Date 12/967/9712/976/996/006/016/029/022/034/0311/032/0512/05 Demonstrated Pulse Energy (J) (in double pulse) 0.70.60.1250.170.1500.60.1350.355/ 0.6 0.0950.626/ 1.05 0.1/ 0.073 1/1.51.2 Pulse Rate (Hz)110612222 22/1022 Efficiency (%) (O-O) 1.77 1.853.052.374.663.333.653.662.57 4.10 2.78 6.2TBS Laser Component Oscillator Preamplifier Amplifiers5 x 1- pass 4 x 1- pass 2 x 2- pass 2 x 1- pass 1 x 2- pass 2 x 2- pass Laser Mode Q-Switched Double Q-Switched Injection Seeded=SLM Cooling All liquid amp Partially conductive osc All cond w/o heat pipe All cond w/ heat pipe Crystal Host YLF LuLiF Pump Diodes C Package amp A package osc AA package G package Pumping Direction End-pumpedamps Side-pumped osc Packaging Laboratory Table laser laser Compact, Engineeredhead Notes O-O = Optical to Optical; DP = Diode Pumped; FLP = FlashLamp Pumped Amp = DP; Osc = fLP Both Osc & Amp = DP SPAR- CLE (NMP, EO-2) Amps = end- pumped Dou- ble Pulse Dou- ble with Ampl LuLiF, A pkg, PCC LuLiF, A pkg, PCC Ampl Mono- lithic head 1 J in double pulse FCC, engr head 1 J in single pulse

5. 5 LaRC Development of Pulsed, 2-Micron Laser Technology For Space Category Sub- Category/Date 6/029/022/034/0311/032/0512/05LRRPIIPSPACE DEMO Demonstrated (Side-Pumped, LuLiF) Pulse Energy (J) (in double pulse) 0.13 5 0.35 5/0.6 0.0950.626/ 1.05 0.1/ 0.073 1/1.51.20.25 Pulse Rate (Hz)221022/1022105-10 Efficiency (%) (O- O) 3.653.662.57 4.10 2.78 6.2TBS Laser Component Oscillator Preamplifier Amplifiers1 x 2- pass 2 x 2- pass 1 x 2- pass Laser Mode Q-Switched Double Q-Switched Injection Seeded=SLM Cooling All liquidamp Partially conductive osc All cond w/o heat pipe All cond w/ heat pipe Pump Diodes C Packageamp A package osc AA package G package Packaging Laboratory Table laser laser Compact, Engineered head

6. 6 Kavaya – IIP-2004 Pulsed Laser Efficiency WhenDC-DC Converter Pump Laser Diodes Electrical- to-Optical Laser Optical- to- Optical Wave- length Conversion WPENotes 0.355- Micron Nd:YAG Laser 20060.80.50 (808 nm) 0.180.40.029 Steve Li, 12/22/05, 0.8 J @ 100 Hz (1 micron) In 5 Years0.80.55 (808 nm) 0.210.450.042 Steve Li, 12/22/05, 0.8 J @ 100 Hz (1 micron) 2- Micron Ho:Tm: LuLiF Laser 20060.80.50 (792 nm) 0.025N/A0.010 Jirong Yu, 1/6/06, 250 mJ, 10 Hz In 5 Years0.80.55 (792 nm) 0.032N/A0.014 Jirong Yu, 12/8/05, 250 mJ, 10 Hz WPE = Wall Plug Efficiency

7. 7 Kavaya – IIP-2004 Conclusions We are pleased that NASA has selected several wind related IIP proposals We are grateful for the previous NASA and IPO/NPOESS funding that has brought us to this point We regret that NASA funding issues will not let us partner with Raytheon for this project The combination of past progress, the LaRC and GSFC IIP’s, the dual Doppler lidar approach, and aircraft validation flights should enable a space demonstration mission in a few years