3. Genetic Engineering

4. Electrophoresis & Cloning

5. Miscellaneous

6. Sex- Linked Traits

7. Pedigrees

8. Genetic Disorders

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10. DNA that is made up of pieces of DNA from different sources is called?

11. Recombinant DNA

12. The process where one organism (usually bacteria) is transformed by a gene(s) from another source ?

13. Transformation

14. An organism that has a functional piece of DNA is called?

15. Transgenic Organism

16. What type of proteins are used to cut DNA?

17. Restriction Enzymes

18. What are the 3 steps to manipulating DNA?

19. 1.Extracting DNA 2.Cutting DNA 3.Separating DNA

20. Producing a genetically identical offspring from a single cell is called?

21. Cloning

22. Who was the first person to clone a mammal?

23. Ian Wilmut

24. How does Gel Electrophoresis separate DNA?

25. By Size

26. What charge is carried by DNA and how do you know?

27. Negative. Because it moves toward the positive end.

28. In the picture are the 3 samples in A identical, explain.

29. No, because the banding patterns do not match or line up.

30. The process where breeders choose the organisms with the most desired traits

31. Selective Breeding

32. What is mating between closely related individuals called?

33. Inbreeding

34. The offspring of parents that have different traits are called?

35. Hybrids

36. What is B a picture of?

37. DNA

38. What is going on in this picture?

39. Restriction enzymes are cutting DNA into pieces.

40. What are sex-linked traits (definition please no examples)?

41. Genes/traits found on the sex chromosomes.

42. How many sex chromosomes are there are what are they?

43. 2 X and Y

44. In class we discussed 3 sex- linked traits name 2?

45. Red-Green Colorblindness Hemophilia Muscular Dystrophy

46. Why is it that the male is the one that usually gets the recessive trait?

47. The male only has one X chromosome which is donated by the mom, there is nothing to mask the trait(s) on that X chromosome.

48. If a normal male and a carrier female (red-green colorblindness) had a child what is the percent chance that the child will be red-green colorblind and what would the sex of the child be?

49. 25% chance of being a red- green colorblind male, 0% chance for a colorblind female XRXR Y XRXR X R X R Y XrXr X R X r X r Y

50. A male is represented by what shape?

51. Square

52. A way of tracing a trait through a family history.

53. Pedigree

54. Individuals half shaded in are known as?

55. Carriers

56. The pedigree shows the inheritance of free earlobes and attached. Attached earlobes is caused by a recessive allele (f). How many generations are shown in this picture?

57. 5

59. What are the genotypes of individuals 2, 8, 9, 5?

60. Individuals 2,8,9 are Ff and 5 is FF

61. Are most genetic disorders dominant or recessive?

62. Recessive

63. Which genetic disorder that we learned about was a co-dominant disorder? (hint: occurs mainly in African Americans)

64. Sickle Cell Anemia

65. This disorder causes the person to produce too much mucus or is unable to break it down.

66. Cystic Fibrosis

67. In this disorder the individual cannot break down the amino acid Phenylalanine or (Phe)

68. Phenylketonuria or (PKU)

69. Most sex chromosome disorders (ex. Jacob’s, Turner’s, Edward’s syndromes) are caused by what issue?

70. Nondisjunction or the failure of the chromosomes to separate.