1. Female Reproduction Ch. 28-2

2. Organs of the Female Ovaries – produce egg and hormones Uterine (fallopian) tubes or oviducts – transport egg to uterus, site of fetilization Uterus – site of implantation of fertilized egg, development of fetus, labor Vagina – receives penis, passageway for childbirth External organs (vulva) Mammary glands – synthesize, secrete, and eject milk for newborn

3. Organs

4. Cervix Fallopian Tubes Vagina Ovary Uterus WORD BANK

5. Organs Ovaries – Paired glands, almond sized – Produce Gametes (egg cells) Hormones (progesterone and estrogen, inhibin, relaxin) Uterine tubes (fallopian) or oviduct – Extend away from uterus – Provide route for sperm to reach ovum – Transports eggs and fertilized eggs to the uterus from the ovary – Have cilia at the ends to “coax” egg from ovary – Fertilization occurs here Up to _____ hours after ovulation – sperm can survive for days Egg enters uterus 6-7 days after ovulation

6. Organs Uterus (womb) – pear-shaped – Pathway for sperm deposition into vagina to reach fallopian tubes – Site of implantation for fertilized egg – Growth of fetus during pregnancy – Labor – Source of menstrual flow

7. Organs Uterus – Fundus – Body – Cervix

8. Organs Cervical mucus – Water, glycoproteins, lipids, enzymes, salts – More hospitable to sperm during ovulation – Helps protect sperm on passage to uterus Vagina – Fibromuscular canal – Receptacle for penis – Outlet for menstrual flow – Passageway for childbirth

9. Organs Vulva - External genitals of female – Mons pubis – adipose tissue, skin, hair – Labia majora – two folds, covered by pubic hair – Labia minora – two folds, underneath labia majora, no hair – Clitoris, glans – erectile tissue and nerves, sexual excitement in females

10. Female External

11. Organs Mammary glands – Breast – Nipple – where milk emerges – Areola – darkened area around nipple – Mammary gland – modified sweat glands

12. Disease/Medical Ovarian cysts – Fluid-filled sac in or on ovary – Usually noncancerous, can go away on their own Uterine prolapse – When uterus is outside the vagina – Occurs with age, disease, traumatic vaginal delivery, difficult bowel movements, coughing – Can be put back with surgery

13. Disease/Medical Hysterectomy – Removal of uterus Episiotomy – Fetus stretches perenial region – Performed to prevent tearing – Straight, tearing is jagged

14. Oogenesis

15. Male/Female Homologous Structures FemaleMale OvariesTestes OvumSperm cell Labia majoraScrotum Labia minoraSpongy urethra ClitorisGlans penis