1. Fungi

2. FUNGI We have already learned about Bacteria, Viruses, and Protists
Now it’s time to study Fungi
MICROBES:
Viruses
Bacteria
Protists
Fungi

3. FUNGI The plural of fungus is fungi Fungi = EUKARYOTES
Fungi have CELL WALLS
Fungi = HETEROTROPHS
Fungi use SPORES to reproduce
They live in moist, warm places.

4. FUNGI THE 3 GROUPS OF FUNGI: Sac Fungi Club Fungi Zygote Fungi
See Figure 18 Pg 481 for more info

5. FUNGI Hyphae are found in multi-cellular fungi.
They are the branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multi-cellular fungi.
Hyphae can look very different from fungus to fungus.
They are used for obtaining food.

6. FUNGI Mushrooms are fungi. What you see are the Hyphae.
On the Cap the Hyphae are really close together.
Underground the Hyphae are spaced out more.

7. Here’s an orange with fungus growing on it.

8. HYPHAE The Hyphae grow into the orange.
Digestive chemicals ooze into the orange.
Once the pieces are small, the Hyphae absorb the food.

9. FUNGI
Fungi can reproduce SEXUALLY or ASEXUALLY depending upon whether conditions are good or bad.
ASEXUAL
produce Spores
undergo Budding
SEXUAL
Hyphae join and share DNA (like conjugation)

10. REPRODUTION for Multi-cellular Fungi (GOOD CONDITIONS)
SPORES = lightweight, tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.
They can be carried by the air or water.
Fungi produce MILLIONS of spores.
Most do not survive, others grow into the type of fungus that created them.
When conditions are GOOD, MULTI-CELLULAR fungi produce spores.
This is ASEXUAL reproduction, because the spores will grow into fungi that are identical to the parents.

11. FUNGI FRUITING BODIES = Reproductive structures that produce spores.
They look different from one type of fungus to the next.

12. REPRODUTION for Unicellular Fungi (GOOD CONDITIONS)
BUDDING = the process where a small cell grows from the body of a parent cell.
The new cell then breaks off from the parent and lives on its own.
This is ASEXUAL reproduction, because the new fungus is identical to the parent fungus.

13. BUDDING

14. FUNGI
During bad conditions, most fungi can reproduce sexually by sharing their DNA. The process is kind of like CONJUGATION.
The Hyphae grow together.
DNA is exchanged.
Spores are produced.
Spores develop into fungi that are DIFFERENT than the parents.

15. FUNGI
A LICHEN = a fungi and either algae or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship.
Lichens are used to study air pollution because they are very sensitive.

16. LICHEN

17. FUNGI HOW FUNGI REPRODUCE:
Produce Spores (Asexual, Multi-cellular, Good Conditions)
By Budding (Asexual, Unicellular, Good Conditions)
Hyphae grow together and share DNA (Sexual, Multi-cellular, Bad Conditions)

18. Living or
Non-Living
Living
Structure
They have cell walls.
Cells are arranged in Hyphae.
Different Types
of Fungi
Club Fungi
Sac Fungi
Zygote Fungi
How they
Reproduce
Spores (multi-cellular) – Asexual
Budding (unicellular) – Asexual
Hyphae join together – Sexual
Size of Fungi
Microscopic to bigger than 1000 football fields. They can be unicellular or multi-cellular.

19. Good things Fungi do Decompose dead organisms.
Recycle living organisms into nutrients for the soil.
For making food (bread, cheese, mushrooms)
Make medicine (penicillin)
Helps plants grow larger and healthier.

20. Bad things Fungi do
Eat living organisms.
Cause disease in organisms