1. Equality Bodies By Berit Vegheim, the Civil Rights Foundation Stop Discrimination, Norway

2. What kind of EB do we have? Authority Ombud Commission Council Centre of Equality National Human Rights Institution Tribunal

3. What powers does the EB have? Litigation powers Legally binding decisions Sanctions Non-binding statements Investigation Mediation - compulsory

4. What status does EB have? Independence stipulated in law Appointment and accountability Funding and other resources Competence

5. Representing individuals before court/tribunal Bringing proceedings in own name Intervention as third party/support Intervention as objective expert Issue legally binding decisions Impose sanctions Issue non-binding statements Give legal advice

6. Competence Carry out independent investigations Conduct mediation – compulsory? Conduct independent surveys Publish independent reports Produce guidelines/codes of practice Submit consultative statements Promote equality and awareness raising

7. Actual access to justice for all That is to judicially enforce our rights on our own initiative and in a self-determined manner, without legal costs, without prejudice and accessibility guaranteed

8. What kind of EB do we want? A low threshold enforcement body Free of charge Legal assistance A legally binding decision An appeal board Sanctions Redress

9. We want standards for EBs Independence Powers to take proceedings before the court and to make legally binding decisions Sufficient resources to ensure legal assistance to victims of discrimination

10. Active anti-discrimination policy Build up expertise Offer information and training Disclose and document discrimination Build alliance of NGOs Lobby for effective laws and EBs Act as legal advisor or third party Bring cases/initiate class action

11. Representing individuals in court Belgium, Bulgaria Denmark, Estonia Hungary, Ireland Malta, Northern Ireland Romania Slovakia, Sweden UK

12. Bringing proceedings in their own name Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria Czech Republic, Croatia Denmark, Estonia, France Hungary, Ireland, Malta, Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Norway Poland, Romania Slovakia, Sweden UK

13. Interventions before a court/tribunal Bulgaria Czech Republic, Croatia, Denmark, France Hungary, Ireland, Malta Northern Ireland, Norway Poland, Slovakia, Sweden UK

14. Legally binding decisions Bulgaria Cyprus Denmark Hungary, Ireland (Tribunal) Lithuania Norway (Tribunal) Romania

15. Non-binding statements Belgium Czech Republic, Croatia Estonia, France Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta Netherlands, Norway Slovakia, Slovenia