1. Computer Fundamentals MSCH 233 Lecture 2

2. What is a Software? Its step by step instructions telling the computer how to process data, execute operations and tasks. Software can be divided by two groups: System Application

3. System Software The System Software refers to all the programs which control the basic functions of a computer. They include: 1.Operation Systems ( Windows98, ME, XP, Mac OS) 2.Systems Utilities( virus programs, back up utility) 3.Language Translators (compilers)

4. Operation Systems It comprises a set of programs and files that control the hardware and software resources of a computer system. Examples: MS-DOS Windows XP Pocket PC Mac - OS OS/2 Warp UNIX Linux Solaris

5. MS-DOS Developed by Microsoft in 1981 Text-based Operation System Communicate with the computer using commands that exists within its library. Examples: 1.C:\>DIR to show all list of all files in the C Drive 2.C:\>Del mail.txt will delete the file mail.txt

6. Microsoft Windows Windows XPWindows MEWindows 2000Windows 98 -Update to all Windows versions. -More secure and reliable. -Offers support for the latest technologies. - Designed for home use. -Include: 1. New system safeguards 2. Support for DVD 3.Support for Music Player. 4. Support for Mobile Computers. -Built upon the Windows NT architecture. -Designed for business users. - Internet access is part of user Interface -Its active desktop let you find information easily. - USB and Multimedia Extensions. -System include: 1.Outlook Express 2. NetMeeting 3. Chat program 4. Web-page editor

7. Pocket PC This Operation system is developed for handheld computers.

8. Mac-OS Combines the elegance of Macintosh and the power of UNIX. Large Parts of the Mac OS are inside the System Files and the Finder, Kept in the System folder. Content of system files are loaded automatically at start up. The finder enable users to work with disks, programs, and files. Can Create CDs and record DVDs. Offers Internet Capabilities, support Java, and Wireless Connections.

9. OS/2 Warp (IBM) Pc’s World Most sophisticated Operation System Provide true multi-tasking: allows program to be divided into ‘threads’  Numerous programs can run simultaneously  Programs can perform numerous tasks at the same time. Includes access to network, support Java, and voice recognition technology

10. UNIX Designed by Bell Laboratories for minicomputers and workstations Designed to be multi-tasking system. Written in C Language Available for any type of machine: IBM PCs,Macs, Cray Supercomputers. Most Commonly used system for advanced CAD program.

11. Linux Linux is Open source. Protected under the GNU general public license Multi-tasking Operation system. Fully functional UNIX workstation for applications ranging from internet servers to reliable workgroup computing. Available for Intel, Alpha, and Sun platforms.

12. Solaris Unix based Operation System. Developed by Sun Microsystems. Originally designed to run SPARC workstations, now it runs on many Pentium servers. Support Multi-processing – run many CPUs and Process on a single system. Support Java, play music, interact with information.

13. System Utilities Small Programs which improve system’s performance. Desk accessories that can be called up while working on another application;. Can be activated when you turn the computer on ( virus protection), or can be run when you need them.

14. GUI: Graphic User Interface User Interface: refers to the standard procedure the user follows to interact with a particular program. GUI: Uses Windows, dialog boxes, icons, pop-up menus to interact with programs Macintosh Computers interface is called WIMP: Windows, Icon, Menu, and Pointer. Examples of Operation Systems Using GUI:  Mac OS  Microsoft Windows  IBM OS/2 Advantages of GUI:  User Friendly, easy to use.  Saves a lot of time. Point and click.  Facilitate interaction with the computer  Stimulate users to be more creative and produce high quality results.

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