1. Personality Theory

2. HOW does a personality develop? Within your group – identify a few personality traits Discuss ways in which a person might develop these traits Make a list on the blank paper provided

3. Trait Theories Gordon Allport – lexical approach 4,500 traits Raymond Cattell – factor analysis 16 personality “factors” Costa & McCrae – five-factor model 5 traits

4. O peness Imaginative or practical Interested in variety or routine Independent or conforming C onscientiousness Organized or disorganized Careful or careless Disciplined or impulsive E xtraversion Sociable or retiring Fun-loving or somber Affectionate or reserved A greeableness Softhearted or ruthless Trusting or suspicious Helpful or uncooperative N euroticism Calm or anxious Secure or insecure Self- satisfied or self-pitying “Big 5” Factors

5. Personality Theory Psychodynamic Perspective

6. Sigmund Freud

11. Carl Jung

15. Alfred Adler

17. Karen Horney

20. Discuss your Erik Erikson “predictions” with a partner… Be prepared to discuss or share with the class

21. Erik Erikson

24. Personality Theory Humanistic Perspective

26. Conditions of Worth

28. Personality Theory Behaviorist Perspective

29. An individuals personality is a collection of response tendencies Consistent patterns of behavior acquired through experience Personality is not permanent May change based on new experiences How are response tendencies formed?? Operant conditioning processes

32. Personality Theory Social-Cognitive Approach

33. Reciprocal Determinism Albert Bandura Aspects of social learning: Attention Retention Motor reproduction Reinforcement

34. Julian Rotter

35. Walter Mischel CAPS – cognitive affective processing systems Thoughts and emotions about oneself and the world determine behavior

36. Personality and the Brain

37. Reticular Activation System located in brain stem – regulates alertness “Optimum level of arousal” Extraverts under stimulated Introverts over stimulated Three main traits Extroversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism Hans Eysenck

38. Behavioral Activation System Seek positive consequences & rewards Positive emotion High extraversion Behavioral Inhibition System Avoid negative consequences & punishment Negative emotion High neuroticism Jeffrey Gray: Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory