1. The Ancient
Middle East 2:
Egypt

2. 2. The Ancient
Egyptians

3. Egyptian Civ
A second center of civilization emerged along the Nile River in N. Africa around 3000 B.C.E.
Egyptian civ. benefited from trade and tech. influence of Mesopotamia, but produced a very different society and culture.
Less open to invasion, Egypt retained a unified state for most of its history.
The pharaoh wielded immense power, and appointed viziers to administer govt throughout the land.

4. A View of Egypt by Satellite

5. The Fertile Nile Valley

6. The Annual Flooding of the Nile

7. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

8. Ancient Egyptian History
Periods
Time Frame
Nile Culture Begins
3900 B. C. E.
Archaic
3100 – 2650 B. C. E.
Old Kingdom
2650 – 2134 B. C. E.
Middle Kingdom
2040 – 1640 B. C. E.
New Kingdom
1550 – 1070 B. C. E.
Late Period
750 – 332 B. C. E.
Greek Ptolemaic Era
332 – 30 B. C. E.
Roman Period
30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.

9. Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt
c B. C. E. ?

10. Ancient Egyptian Housing
Middle Class Homes
Peasant Homes

11. Scenes of Ancient Egyptian Daily Life

12. An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves”
Mirror
Perfume
Wigs

13. Egyptian Social Hierarchy

14. Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Tutankhamon B. C.E.
Thutmose III B. C. E.
Ramses II B. C. E.

15. Egyptian Nobility

16. Egyptian Priestly Class

17. Egyptian Scribe

18. Papyrus  Paper
Scroll Piece
Papyrus Plant

19. Egyptian Math 1 10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
What number is this?

20. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone, 1799

21. Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

22. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

23. Egyptian Gods & Goddesses: “The Sacred ‘Trinity’”
Osiris Isis Horus

24. Preparations for the Underworld
Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

25. Materials Used in Mummification
1. Linen Natron 2. Sawdust Onion 3. Lichen Nile Mud 4. Beeswax Linen Pads 5. Resin Frankinsense

26. Preparation for the Afterlife

27. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II 1210-1200 B. C. E.
Egyptian Mummies
Seti I B. C. E.
Ramses II B. C. E.
Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II B. C. E.

28. Journey to the Underworld
A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb.

29. Egyptian Book of the Dead

30. The Final Judgement
Anubis Horus Osiris

31. Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

32. Giza Pyramid Complex

33. Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

34. Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

35. Entrance to King “Tut’s” Tomb

36. King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask
B. C. E.

37. King Tutankhamon

38. King Tutankhamun’s Tomb

39. Treasures From Tut’s Tomb

40. The Valley of the Queens Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
B. C. E.

41. Ankhenaton: First Monotheist?
B. C. E.

42. Queen Nefertiti

43. Abu Simbel: Monument to Ramses II
B. C. E.

44. Legacy of Egyptians
Egyptian mathematics produced the idea of a 24 hour day.
Trade linked Egypt to Mediterranean islands like Crete, south of Greece.
The Greeks studied Egyptian mathematics and art.

45. Images from: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY, http://www.pptpalooza.net/