1. Situation: the autotrophs have produced sugar and oxygen. Energy 6CO2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Now – how do we RELEASE the energy in that sugar?

2. Need to turn the sugar into ATP is the cells energy molecule ATP

3. What Does ATP Do for You? It supplies YOU with ENERGY!

4. How Do We Get Energy From ATP? By breaking the last P – P bond P Adenine PP PP P

5. How Does That Happen? An Enzyme!

6. When is ATP Made in the Body? During cellular respiration During cellular respiration both plants & animals do it! both plants & animals do it!

7. Cellular Respiration: releasing the energy in food as ATP

8. Question: In what kinds organisms does cellular respiration take place? In what kinds organisms does cellular respiration take place?

9. Cellular Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O+ energy ATP

10. What are the Stages of Cellular Respiration? In cytoplasm 1. Glycolysis (sugar is split) In mitochondria: 2. The Krebs Cycle (citric acid cycle) 3. The Electron Transport Chain

11. Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Krebs Cycle ETC

12. Look at textbook pp 222 - 228

13. Step 1: Glycolysis Glucose2 pyruvic acid C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C + C-C-C http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/glycolysis.ht ml http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/glycolysis.ht ml

14. Mitochondria Organellecellular respiration Organelle where cellular respiration takes place.

15. Step 2: Krebs Cycle C-C-C CO 2 & a whole bunch of NADHs http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html

16. Electron Transport Chain High energy electrons used to convert ADP to ATP http://www.science.smith.edu/depart ments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html http://www.science.smith.edu/depart ments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html

17. Glycolysis C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C Krebs Cycle ETC CO 2 + NAD H ATP + H 2 O O2O2 CR: 36 NET ATP

18. Animation of CR: qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMeyer/respiration.html http://scholar.hw.ac.uk/site/biology/activity3.asp qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMeyer/respiration.html http://scholar.hw.ac.uk/site/biology/activity3.asp qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMeyer/respiration.html http://scholar.hw.ac.uk/site/biology/activity3.asp

19. What is the formula for cellular respiration? MONDAYS essential question (14)

20. Write a paragraph describing how energy goes from the SUN to ATP. Use these words in your paragraph: energy; sun; capture; autotroph; heterotroph; sugar; ATP; mitochondria; chloroplast

21. But what happens when there is no oxygen present?

22. Glycolysis C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C Krebs Cycle ETC Only Glycolysis can occur O2O2

23. Fermentation Occurs when O 2 is NOT present AKA anaerobic respiration Two types: Lactic Acid fermentation (muscle cells) Lactic Acid fermentation (muscle cells) Alcoholic fermentation (yeast) Alcoholic fermentation (yeast) Nets only 2 ATP (instead of 36) Nets only 2 ATP (instead of 36)

24. Lactic Acid Fermentation Animals (pain in muscle after workout) Animals (pain in muscle after workout) glucose Glycolysis CCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCC Pyruvic acid CCCCCC Lactic Acid

25. Alcohol Fermentation Plants and Fungi beer and wine Plants and Fungi beer and wine glucose Glycolysis CCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCC Pyruvic acid CCCC Ethanol

26. Aerobic or Anaerobic Respiration

27. Question: Glucose (carbohydrate) is the main source of food for making ATP from cellular respiration. Glucose (carbohydrate) is the main source of food for making ATP from cellular respiration. What other food molecules can be used in Cellular Respiration? What other food molecules can be used in Cellular Respiration?

28. Other organic molecules used for fuel: 1. Carbohydrates: polysaccharides 2. Fats: glycerols and fatty acids 3. Proteins: amino acids