1. 12 The Presidency

2. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 2 Map 12.1: Electoral Votes per State

3. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 3 Figure 12.1: Growth of the White House Office, 1935-1985 Sources: For 1935-1977: Congressional Record (April 13, 1978), 10111; for 1979-1985: annual reports filed by the White House with the House of Representatives Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, titled "Aggregate Report on Personnel; Pursuant to Title 3, United States Code, Section 113"; and Budget of the United States Government. From Samuel Kernell and Samuel Popkin, eds., Chief of Staff (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986), 201.

4. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 4 Figure 12.2: Presidential Popularity Source: Thomas E. Cronin, The State of the Presidency (Boston: Little, Brown, 1975), 110-111. Copyright 1975 by Little, Brown and Co., Inc. Reprinted by permission. Updated with Gallup poll data, 1976-1993. Reprinted by permission of the Gallup Poll News Service.

5. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 5 Figure 12.2: Presidential Popularity (cont’d) Source: Thomas E. Cronin, The State of the Presidency (Boston: Little, Brown, 1975), 110-111. Copyright 1975 by Little, Brown and Co., Inc. Reprinted by permission. Updated with Gallup poll data, 1976-1993. Reprinted by permission of the Gallup Poll News Service.

6. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 6 Table 12.1: The Cabinet Departments

7. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 7 Table 12.2: Number of Political Appointments in Cabinet Departments

8. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 8 Table 12.3: Partisan Gains or Losses in Congress in Presidential Election Years

9. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 9 Table 12.4: Partisan Gains or Losses in Congress in Off-Year Elections

10. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.12 - 10 Table 12.5: Presidential Vetoes, 1789-2000