1. Quiz 1.This system pulls on bones and makes them move. 2.Neck area of the vertebral column. 3.There are how many bones in the body? 4.There are 3 types of joint, fixed, slightly movable, and… 5.This holds bones together and keeps them in place. 6.Is a function of the skeleton. 7.Which bone in the arm joins to the thumb? Use the words below to find the answers to the questions. Skeletal system Shape and support Synovial Radius 206 Ligament Cervical Nervous system Pivot 302

2. Muscles By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: Identify the muscles in the skeleton. Understand how muscles make us move.

3. Muscles There are over 300 muscles in our body. Our muscles help us: Digest food Blink and smile Breath Involved in everything we do.

4. Muscular system

5. There are 3 different types of muscle in our body 1.Cardiac -Found in the heart. -Work without conscious effort. 2. Involuntary -Found around our organs such as the intestine. -Work without conscious effort. 3. Voluntary -Attached to bones. -Under our control.

6. Voluntary Muscle Activity Make notes on Voluntary muscle Include – What is it? What is it made up of?

7. Voluntary Muscles Voluntary muscle is- attached to bones - works when you want it to - often called skeletal or striped muscle Voluntary muscle is made up of - Fast and slow twitch fibres - Use more slow twitch fibres with activities suited to endurance, eg. Jogging, long distance running. - Use more fast twitch fibres with activities related to strength and power, e.g. sprinting and weight lifting.

8. Muscles and movement Every muscle has a job to do. There job is to move certain bones. Fact: Muscles work in pairs.

9. Take the arm for example One muscle contracts (shortens) while the other relaxes (lengthens) and vice versa.

10. Have a go! What muscle is contracting? What muscle is relaxing? Bend knee - ________ contracts (shortens) ________ relaxes (lengthens) Straighten knee - _______ contracts _______ relaxes

11. Questions to complete To jump, we bend our knees and straighten them. What main pair of muscles help move the knee? What does this working in pairs called? Give an example from one of your chosen sports of an antagonist muscle action. A voluntary muscle is attached to bones with what? Explain how having poor muscle tone can cause bad posture.