1. The renewable energy Directive by Claude Turmes, MEP Vice-President of EUFORES Rapporteur of the RES-Directive 9th Inter-Parliamentary Meeting on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency 18th November 2009 Parliament of Belgium

2. As if we had 4 planets …

3. On the way to a 100 % renewables energy century EJ/y 0 50 100 150 200 250 Geothermal heat Solar heating Biomass energy crops Biomass residues Geothermal (el) Ocean (el) Wind (el) Hydro (el) Solar PV (el) Solar CSP (el) RES potentials gross primary energy consumption EU-25 in 2005 Source: Ecofys, DLR

4. Drivers of the success story 1. Technological innovation

5. Drivers of the success story 2. Organisational innovation Future policies must focus on: decentralised energy in buildings – maximising efficiency through integration of decentralised renewable energies into buildings local and regional production - taking advantage of the most locally suitable energy technologies (e.g. solar, CHP, hydro, wind) key macro-level energy projects of European interest – off-shore wind hubs (e.g. North Sea and Baltic), CSP solar thermal hubs (e.g. Desertec), biomass and CHP (combined heat and power installations), renovation of large existing hydro-electric installations Delivering these projects will require the necessary infrastructural investments – e.g. super/smart-grid for electricity, including offshore

6. Drivers of the success story 3. positive impact on pricing Source: Bode & Groscurth (2006): The effect of the German Renewable Energy Act (EEG) on "the electricity price", HWWA discussion paper 358

7. Drivers of the success story 4. positive impact on jobs Source: ‘working for the climate – renewable energy & the green job revolution‘ EREC & Greenpeace, September 2009

8. The Renewables Directive Mandatory EU (overall + renewables in transport) and mandatory national targets (in electricity, H&C, fuels) National Support mecanisms (feed-in, bonus, others) and National Renewable Energy Action Plans Flexibility mecanism involving Member States and (more limited) Third countries Reduction of administrative and regulatory barriers, training better access to grid and priority dispatch for renewables, etc Sustainability regime for biofuels & biomass

9. Next steps on renewables Consistant national action plans Good local and regional dynamics (covenant of majors – 100% renewable energies regions) Go ahead with off-shore wind (now) Grid integration (at local and at cross- national level) Solar concentrated deployment in South (mid term)

10. Open questions on renewables How much need for new grid building and what type of new grids (AC-DC) „Baseload power is going to become an anachronism” (Mr. Wellinghoff – new chairman US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) A new challenge for balancing (storage plants), grid management and smart metering (IT in grids) What role for electro-mobility? (where to charge – at home or centralised?)

12. EU Energy Mix 2020 / 2030 EU- 27 Mtoe2005baseline oil price $ 100/bl EU Scenario 2020 Consistent with 20-20-20 targets as decided 2008 EU Scenario 2030 Primary Energy Demand 170519031474 (-20%)1250 Oil666648500 (-25%)300-350 Gas445443445 (stable)450-500 Renewables123221274 (+20%)450-500 Solids320340160 (-53%)50-100 Nuclear257249120 (-52%)

13. EU Energy Mix 2020 / 2030 EU- 27 MtoeEU Scenario 2030 explanations Primary Energy Demand 1250energy efficiency pathway to achieve 2005-2020 efficiency target continued until 2030 Oil300-350oil out of the heating sector and quick penetration of electric cars - uncertainty about volume of oil replaced by biofuel share for shipping and aviation Gas450-500gas reduced in building sector, stable in industry use and raise in power sector- uncertainty concerning CHP gas use Renewables450-500450 Mtoe is pathway to achieve 2005-2020 20% renewable target continued until 2030 - uncertainty on real potential of biofuel for aviation and shipping (see also oil) Solids50-100coal & nuclear: 50 - 100 Mtoe is share left if 20% efficiency and 20% renewable pathway is continued until 2030 Nuclear

14. Join us in EUFORES http://www.eufores.org/ claude.turmes@europarl.europa.eu