1. Dictators Threaten World Peace
Chapter 24 Section 1

2. A. Failures of WWI Peace Settlement
Treaty not fair to Germans because of War Guilt Clause
Didn’t like terr. Being taken away
Soviets resented taking of their land to make indep. Countries
Treaty did not help war torn Europe recover & put stress on their econ through war debt
New Dem begin to crumbledictstors take over w/ strong nationalistic feelings & ambition to expand their terr.

3. B. Stalin Transforms the Soviet Union
Dem. CrumblesRev.communist state
Vladimir Lenin=1st leader who diesJoseph Stalin
Turns SU into socialist state by eliminating private farming
Collective farming= peasants give up small farms to form large state owned farms
Second goal to turn SU into industrial power
Turned into large police state to accomplish his goals
Spies, secret police arrested anyone who criticized him and sent to labor camps

4. Great Purge= Thousands of ppl in com. Party were arrested and executed
Established a totalitarian gov’t
Complete control over citizens by taking away all rights and suppressing all opposition

5. C. The Rise of Fascism in Italy
Mussolini establishing his own totalitarian state
Fascism= pol. Movement consisting of strong cent. Gov’t headed by powerful dictator
His gov’t didn’t take control of farm & factoriesbusiness ppl who feared com. Supported Mussolini
Staged march on RomeItalian king allows him to create new gov’t
Blackshirts=his militant supporters
Il Duce “the Chief”

6. D. The Nazi’s Take Over Germany
Joined Nat’l Socialist German Worker’s Party & becomes fuherer (leader)
Laid out beliefs in Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
Like Fascism, Nazism based on extreme nationalism
Unit all German speaking ppl into great empire
“Aryns” formed “master” race destined to rule the world
GD left ppl desperate for reliefHitler elected chancellor
Dismantled Dem gov’t (Weimar Rep.) and instituted the Third Reich

7. II the United States Responds Cautiously
Many ppl believed US should not get involved in these world affairs
US follows isolationist policy
Kellogg-Briand Pact= US & 61 nations pledge to never make war again but permit defense war
Ineffective because it did not provide action against those who broke the pact

8. A. Clinging to Isolationism
Americans determined not to go to war
Girl scouts change Khaki to green (less militaristic
“scholarships not battleships”
American isolationism affects US foreign policy
Neutrality Acts aimed to keep US out of war
Outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war
Outlawed sale or loan of arms to nation in civil war (Francisco Franco Spain)

9. B. Neutrality Breaks Down
Despite neutrality acts Americans get involved in Spanish civil war
Stalin and Mussolini send aid to Franco while Americans volunteer
Hitler sees Span Civil War as op. to test military sends them in
Western Dem. Send only send clothes and food out of fear of getting dragged into another ware
Japan launches invasion of China FDR does not follow Neutrality Acts since they did not formally declare war
America remained isolated and uninvolved in the fighting “over there”