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UNIT 1: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION
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Quick Reminders Signed syllabus Absences- don’t be absent Notebooks
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Cell Structure Competition Meet with lab group These pictures will be on your 1 st quiz Friday Using your pictures and scientific literature: Glue in pictures Figure out where the vocabulary words should be placed Runners will be bringing up work for checks (3 checks) Team with highest score will win (candy or NASA pencil)
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CELL A-PLANT CELL
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CELL B- ANIMAL CELL
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CELL C- PROKARYOTE CELL
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Post Check Assessment Question The organelle pictured below is the _________ of a ____________ (plant/animal/prokaryote) cell. A
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UNIT 1: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION
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What came first? Prokaryotes? Eukaryotes?
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Prokaryotic Cells First cells found in fossil record Characteristics: Very small Simple No membrane-bound organelles DNA (genetic material) not enclosed Example: bacteria
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Eukaryotes Arrive later in fossil record Characteristics: Larger More complex Membrane-bound organelles DNA is enclosed in nucleus Example: plants, fungi, animals
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Cell Organelle Foldable
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Plant and Animal Cell Similarities
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Contains ribosomes; produces proteins for cell
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Does not contain ribosomes; metabolizes fats
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Nucleus Control center of cell; contains DNA (genetic material)
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Nuclear Envelope Thin membrane that surrounds nucleus; contains holes for material to move in and out
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Golgi Body Receive proteins from the E.R and package/distribute them to parts of cell
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Cell Membrane A thin membrane outside of cell that controls what enters and leaves
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Mitochondria Converts food molecules into useable energy
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Cytoplasm Gel-like fluid where organelles sit
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Ribosomes Found in E.R and cytoplasm; produce proteins
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Nucleolus In nucleus; makes ribosomes
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Plant Cell Differences
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Cell Wall Stiff wall surrounding membrane; gives rigid structure
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Chloroplast Captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food for cell; makes plants green
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Lysosomes Contains chemicals that breaks down unneeded cell parts/molecules; only found in SOME plants
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Vacuole Stores water, food, and waste products. Takes up 90% of space.
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Animal Cell Differences
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Lysosomes Contains chemicals that break down unneeded cell parts/molecules; found in all animal cells.
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Cytoskeleton Protein framework inside cytoplasm that gives the cell shape; allows for movement
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Functions of Cells 1. Transport of materials (cell membrane) 2. Energy transformation (mitochondria) 3. Protein building (ribosomes) 4. Waste removal (lysosomes) 5. Information feedback (DNA) 6. Movement (cytoskeleton)
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Post Check Assessment Question The organelle pictured below is the _________ of a ____________ (plant/animal/prokaryote) cell. A
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Tomorrow Review the use of a microscope Practice using the microscopes
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Environmental Conditions Interfering with Cells: pH- needs specific acidity to function Temperature- needs specific temperature Cell growth-an outside source may promote growth
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The Role of Water in Cells Water moves through a “permeable” membrane of the cell (water can pass through) Water maintains internal pressure so cell does not collapse
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Osmosis Spontaneous movement of water from a solution with a lower concentration to a solution with a higher concentration in order to equalize
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Cell Differentiation Cells changing from one type to another (becoming more specified) Starts with stem cells
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