1. Types of Communication
Child-Like
The easiest and most natural communication to use. (You’ve been using it since you were a child!)
It is a very immature method of communication and the least effective to use when you are an adult.
Characterized by:
Interrupting
Self-centered motives
Acting out of Control
Not listening
Yelling
Whining
Topping
Name Calling
Throwing Tantrums
Verbal abuse
Giving orders

2. Example of Child-Like Communication
Watch these short video clips showing examples of child-like communication and topping!

3. Parent-Like Characterized by:
Has NOTHING to do with actually being a parent! In fact, two- year olds are experts at this!
This type of communication tries to direct others’ behavior.
It is effective only because you usually get someone to comply or act a certain way.
One way, or dictatorial, communication. No listening involved!
Characterized by:
Giving Instructions
Directing
Not Listening
Demanding
Ordering
Punishing

4. Adult-Like Characterized by:
This is the highest level of communication. It is the most effective and desired!
It does take time to learn and use this type of communication. It does not happen over night.
It not only involves communicating, but ACTIVE LISTENING as well!
Characterized by:
Both want to solve the problems with a “win-win” attitude
Open, two-way communication
Both try to control strong emotions while communicating and discussing issues
Both parties take responsibility for comments or actions
Those involved remain calm
Both show respect for the other’s feelings and opinions

5. Non-Verbal
This is the way a person expresses themselves through movement, posture and facial expression.
It is possible to send one type of verbal message and at the same time, a very different message through body language.
Non-Verbal Communication is very powerful and can often be misinterpreted.

6. Example of Non-Verbal Communication
Watch this short video clip showing an example of non-verbal communication!

7. Constructive Communication Techniques
Constructive communication contributes a meaningful exchange of ideas and/or leads to understanding
Examples:
Giving positive or encouraging messages
Sending clear, concise messages
Keeping the confidences of other people
Using tact: (communicating something sensitive without hurting or offending)
Asking Questions
Being honest and open
Speaking with respect
Being a good listener

8. Destructive Communication Techniques
Destructive communication “tears down” others and discourages open, adult-like communication.
Examples:
Insults, harassment, teasing
Threatening
Lying, blaming, accusing
“You-Messages”
Swearing
Sarcasm (When a person says one message, but nonverbal communication and tone of voice says another)
Gossip
Topping
Not Listening