1. 6.1 Electrolysis 14 October 2015 H He Li Na K Be ScTi Mg VCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeSeBrCaKr AlP NO SCl FNe ArSi BC As Mg C Cl K 12 345670 What are the missing values? Use the table. Na Ion Charge Outer electrons NeBrOAlKCaClNLi Symbol 516 +1 -2 Remember: Ions are charged atoms. 8 is the magic number of electrons in the second and third shells.

2. 6.1 Electrolysis Ionic compounds can undergo electrolysis. Which substances can be electrolysed? The products of electrolysis. 14 October 2015 Key words Electrolysiselectrolyteions Anodecathodeinert Electroplating uses electricity to cover objects in metal. This can be any metal but is normally copper, silver or gold.

3. Ionic compounds Ionic compounds are made from charged ions e.g. Sodium Chloride. Na + Cl - The ions can move in solution or when the substance is melted (molten).

4. Electrolysis of Copper Sulfate Copper sulfate is an ionic substance. Copper forms positive ions, sulfate forms negative ions. Opposites attract. + - AnodeCathode Cu 2+ SO 4 What charge does the sulfate have?

5. Electrolysis of copper chloride Write the captions for every slide to explain what is happening.

6. NegativePositive + – One electrode is negative, the other is positive.

7. The negative electrode is called the cathode, the positive electrode is called the anode. CathodeAnode + –

8. Copper chloride is added to the electrolytic cell. Copper chloride + –

9. Copper chloride has the formula CuCl 2. + – CuCl 2

10. Copper chloride solution CuCl 2 Copper chloride solution is bright blue in colour. CathodeAnode + –

11. Cu 2+ Cl - It is made of a copper ion with a 2+ charge, and two chlorine ions with a charge of 1– on each. CathodeAnode + –

12. Cu Cl - The copper ion is attracted to the cathode, where it gains two electrons and becomes a copper atom. CathodeAnode + –

13. Cu Cl The chlorine ions are attracted to the anode, where they lose an electron each and become chlorine atoms and then chlorine molecules. CathodeAnode + –

14. The products of electrolysis What is produced on the electrodes? –Metal forms on the cathode (-) –Sulfate forms on the anode (+)

15. 6.1 Electrolysis Electrolysis involves splitting up a substance using electricity. Ionic substances can be electrolysed when they are molten or in solution. In electrolysis positive ions move to the negative electrode (cathode) and negative ions move to the positive electrode (anode). 14 October 2015 Key words Electrolysiselectrolyteions Anodecathodeinert