1. UPDATE ON ODOT’S L&D MANUAL FOR POST-CONSTRUCTION CONTROL BMP’S
Mike Wawszkiewicz, P.E.
Hydraulic/BMP Specialist, Central Office Production

2. Introduction Topics Linear Transportation Post-Construction BMPs
Differences from standard residential/commercial development
Design Requirements
Amount of Treatment
ODOT Experiences
Design, Construction, Maintenance Issues
Maintenance and Permitting Responsibilities
What’s next?
Focus on Linear BMPs. Other BMPs in L&D Manual, but used less frequently.
How much treatment is needed to meet the permit? Redevelopment and other options that allow reductions.

3. Introduction Magnitude of Permitting
Per OEPA database of Construction General Permit Permittees:
ODOT has ~660 permits
To ensure a consistent application regarding post-construction BMPs for roadway projects, ODOT needed to have design guidelines
OEPA staff not capable of covering every project. However, our responsibility to meet the Permit.
Therefore, ODOT needs consistent guidance (L&D Volume 2)

4. ODOT/Storm Water Acronyms
BMP – Best Management Practice
CGP – Construction General Permit
EBW – Enhanced Bankfull Width
EDA – Earth Disturbed Area
ExT – Exfiltration Trench
L&D Manual – ODOT Location and Design Manual
LPA – Local Public Agency
NOI – Notice of Intent
NPDES – National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
OEPA – Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
SWPPP or SWP3 – Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan
T% - Treatment Percent
TSEC – Temporary Sediment and Erosion Control
VBF – Vegetated Biofilter
WQf – Water Quality Flow
WQv – Water Quality Volume
One of the most confusing things can be the acronyms/terminology.

5. Linear Transportation BMPs
Linear Transportation Projects vs. Standard Land Development
Difficulty implementing BMPs listed in the Construction General Permit
R/W limitations (Eminent Domain)
Safety of the traveling public
Linear nature results in crossing multiple watersheds (centralized BMP impossible)
Dangers of Ponded Water
R/W limitations – Avoid total takes and other major impacts to adjacent properties.
Dublin has had bad experiences. Two unfortunate accidents. Emphasizes the need to be careful regardless of following design standards. L&D Volume 1 ( Obstacles) states that protection should be provided for any body of water with a normal depth greater than one foot depending on the likelihood of encroachment. Bottom line: Be conservative with standing water.
Multiple Watersheds Crossed

6. Linear Transportation BMPs
Difficulty implementing BMPs listed in the Construction General Permit (cont.)
Roadway improvements offer little ability to change alignment to allow easier BMP implementation. Not an option to relocate existing bridges and roads in most cases.
Urban environments – Highly developed areas with little room for storm water facilities
Improvements to Henderson Road Bridge in Franklin County would be a lot easier if we removed it from an urban setting with less traffic. Not possible.
Henderson Road Bridge

7. Linear Transportation BMPs
Rural Construction
Options are limited
Vegetated Biofilter
Small Dry Detention Areas
Urban Construction
Options are very limited
Manufactured Systems
Exfiltration Trench
Underground Storage
Started career prior to ODOT in Land Development (no problem).
Moved to ODOT. Roadway hydraulics. Did not expect to be focused on water quality, but that was a primary focus.
Rural: Not the best picture, but shows opportunity for vegetated biofilters in ditches or small dry detention at ramps.
Urban shows the potential problems with using underground features. Very difficult implementation.

8. Linear Transportation BMPs
Ohio EPA Construction General Permit for Storm Water Discharge (OHC000003)
Part III.G.2.e – Post-Construction Storm Water Management Requirements
Transportation Projects – ODOT L&D Volume 2
“The construction of new roads and roadway improvement projects by public entities (i.e., the state, counties, townships, cities, or villages) may implement post-construction BMPs in compliance with the current version (as of the effective date of this permit) of the Ohio Department of Transportation’s “Location and Design Manual, Volume Two Drainage Design” that has been accepted by Ohio EPA as an alternative to the conditions of this permit. “

9. Linear Transportation BMPs
ODOT and OEPA agreed that the following alternative BMPs can be used for linear transportation projects:
Manufactured System
Vegetated Biofilter
Exfiltration Trench
Manufactured System (ODOT has a Qualified Products List)
Vegetated Biofilter and Exfiltration Trench – both are currently being researched to verify benefits and improve design criteria.

10. Linear Transportation BMPs
Manufactured Systems – Item 895
Filtering devices that allow for treatment of a portion of the flow in a storm sewer
Big item, big construction cost, and potentially difficult maintenance (depth, equipment).
As stated earlier, QPL maintained by Office of Materials Management
Note off-line configuration

11. Linear Transportation BMPs
Exfiltration Trench – Item 835
Pervious concrete layer at top allowing water to enter a 12 inch layer of filter material
Standard Construction Drawing: WQ-1.3
Filtering device.
Typo on the filter media.

12. Design Requirements ODOT Location & Design, Volume 2
Project Thresholds
Earth Disturbed Area (EDA > 1 acre)
Routine Maintenance Projects are exempt
Projects that do not change original line, grade and hydraulic capacity of the facility (i.e. resurfacing)
EDA < 5 acres
List of maintenance activities in L&D Vol. 2, Section 1200

13. Design Requirements ODOT Location & Design, Volume 2
Project Classifications for Post-Construction Storm Water BMP Design
Redevelopment vs. New Construction
Redevelopment - 20% treatment required
New Construction – Treatment % (T%) required

14. Design Requirements New Construction
New Construction does not necessarily mean a brand new highway alignment. Any project where pavement is added outside the existing R/W resulting in a change in the runoff coefficient.
The area within existing ODOT R/W is considered impervious area for the purpose of post-construction BMP calculations
Calculate Weighted Average of New Impervious vs. Existing Impervious to determine amount of treatment

15. Design Requirements New Construction
New construction projects allow for a reduction of treatment based on the weighted average of existing vs. new impervious area in a drainage area or for a project (Treatment Percent)
A brand new alignment project would require 100% treatment

16. Design Requirements
What does New Construction mean for the amount of treatment required?
Localized Treatment: 100% treatment for a specific area of the project (Area must be equal to T% x Project Earth Disturbed Area) or
Project Wide Treatment: Provide reduced treatment for the entire project based on T%
Allowable treatment reductions for specific BMPs (i.e. exfiltration trench), see L&D Vol. 2, Section and

17. Design Requirements Redevelopment: No increase to runoff coefficient
The area within existing ODOT R/W is considered impervious area for the purpose of post-construction BMP calculations

18. Design Requirements Redevelopment
Projects that do not add impervious area outside the existing R/W are considered redevelopment
Includes most ultra-urban projects and divided highways that widen toward the median
Widening toward the median would be considered redevelopment for this divided highway

19. Design Requirements
What does Redevelopment mean for the amount of treatment required?
Localized Treatment: Provide 100% treatment for an area equal to 20% of the Project EDA or
Project Wide Treatment: Provide 20% treatment for the entire project
Allowable treatment reductions for specific BMPs (i.e. exfiltration trench), see L&D Vol. 2, Section
“project wide” essentially means centralized treatment. As discussed previously, difficult on linear transportation.

20. Design Requirements
When storm water treatment is being applied using a “Localized Treatment”:
Credit toward meeting the treatment goal (% of EDA) is only applied to the portion of the contributing drainage area to the BMP within the roadway right-of-way (on- site).
Any offsite contributing drainage area must be included in the BMP calculations for sizing purposes (i.e. width of ditch, length of ExT, etc.). The offsite area will not be included in the reduction of the required amount of project EDA that requires treatment.
You might end up with a BMP that is treating offsite flows if you cannot divert them. However, it may be the only location suitable for a BMP. Therefore, it is your best option.

21. Redevelopment – Vegetated Biofilter
Project EDA: 3 acres
20% Project EDA: 0.6 acres
Area 1 and 2 exceed the 0.6 acres. Therefore if the ditch is sized appropriately, either of these ditches would be adequate.
Area #3 is only 0.2 acres. Therefore, not enough.

22. Redevelopment – Vegetated Biofilter
Design Examples for vegetated biofilters and exfiltration trenches can be found at the following website:
Production/bmp/Pages/PostConstructionBMP. aspx

23. Design Requirements Water Quantity/Water Quality Differences
Most linear BMPs treat water quality only
Water quantity post-construction BMPs are typically detention facilities (difficult to fit in the linear transportation footprint)

24. Design Requirements
Water Quantity (stream protection/stability) treatment not needed when:
One or less acre of new impervious area is created in new permanent right-of -way area being acquired for the project
Discharging to 4th order stream
Ultra-urban areas

25. OEPA considers cutoff walls at culverts as a grade control
Design Requirements
Water Quantity alternative options:
Stream Protection based on culvert/bridge design
Grade Controls for bridges and culverts
L&D Volume 2, Section provides additional information for culvert design options that provide water quantity credit (i.e. concrete aprons, bankfull design)
OEPA considers cutoff walls at culverts as a grade control

26. Design Requirements Nothing fits my project – What now?
ODOT-Let Projects – Contact ODOT Central Office Production (Mike Wawszkiewicz)
Local-Let Projects Contact Ohio EPA – District Contact
Possible Options at increased ratio (1.5:1 – WQv)
Offsite Mitigation
Conservation Easements
Offsite mitigation and conservation easements should be coordinated through Ohio EPA prior to NOI submittal

27. ODOT Experiences Consider the impacts of BMPs during plan development!
Right-of-way Issues need to be identified early
Take advantage of the treatment reductions allowed through the CGP and L&D Volume 2.
Take the time to calculate the T%.
Do not provide post-construction BMPs on Routine Maintenance Projects
Why?
Construction Cost
R/W Cost and Acquisition Time
Especially Vegetated Biofilters
Maintenance Costs and Time to Maintain!!!!
How much

28. ODOT Experiences Design Considerations
Depth of BMP (manufactured system)
Location of BMP for access. Vacuum trucks needed for manufactured systems.
Confined Space issues
Can one manufactured system replace long runs of Exfiltration Trench? The initial cost may be higher. However, for maintenance purposes, it may be more beneficial to use a single manufactured system.

29. ODOT Experiences Design Considerations (cont.)
Detention Facilities: Consider the effects of ponding water on the upstream drainage system.
Culvert tailwater effects
Ditch flow depths
Storm sewer capacity

30. ODOT Experiences Constructability Issues Utility Conflicts
Maintaining BMPs free of construction debris (sequencing of construction activities)
Condition of BMP at point of hand-off from construction to maintenance
What’s wrong with this picture? TSEC issues? What options are there for protection?
Utilities aren’t very precisely marked. If you only have 6” clearance, you might not have enough room unless you have very good SUE.

31. ODOT Experiences Maintenance Issues
Understand the materials/equipment/training needed for maintenance are available for the specified BMPs
Disposal of BMP wastes…Hazardous?

32. Maintenance Responsibilities
Part IV.B.1 of CGP requires that a maintenance agreement is in place when filing the NOT
ODOT will maintain BMPs on ODOT maintained roadways and facilities

33. Maintenance Responsibilities
Maintenance Issues
Where are the BMPs? ODOT is developing an inventory of post-construction BMPs on ODOT roadways
Training of ODOT staff (County Managers) on maintenance procedures
OEPA can audit MS4’s.

34. Maintenance Responsibilities
Maintenance Issues
Frequency for clean out of some linear BMPs is still unknown (i.e. Exfiltration Trench)
Level of effort for some BMPs may be high based on frequency

35. Maintenance Responsibilities
ODOT projects that extend onto Local Public Agency roadways
Similar to other roadway features, ODOT will NOT maintain post-construction BMPs outside of ODOT right-of-way
Local is responsible for maintenance
Coordination during Preliminary Legislation development

36. Maintenance Responsibilities
ODOT Projects extending onto LPA roadways
Local may request a specific BMP type based on maintenance concerns
ODOT may require Local to pay the difference in cost

37. Permitting Responsibilities
Local-let LPA projects filed through ODOT
Local agency files the NOI
The LPA is responsible for providing post-construction BMP that meet Ohio EPA expectations (may use L&D Volume 2 or other EPA approved guidance)
The LPA, not ODOT, must coordinate with Ohio EPA if deficiencies are identified.

38. What’s next? Watershed Specific Permits ODOT Research
Big Darby
Portions of the Olentangy
ODOT Research
Exfiltration Trench - Performance, Durability and Maintenance
Vegetated Biofilter - Performance
Refinements to existing BMPs and continued monitoring…

39. Watershed Specific Permits
Big Darby
Counties affected: Logan, Champaign, Clark, Union, Madison, Franklin, Pickaway
Effective Date: October 27, 2006
Riparian Setback and Groundwater Mitigation
Sediment Pond size: 134 CY/Ac of drainage
Total Suspended Solids testing
45 mg/l TSS performance required

40. Watershed Specific Permits
Olentangy
Counties affected: Morrow, Marion, Delaware, Franklin
Issued: January 23, 2009
Effective Date: April 8, 2009
Riparian Setback Mitigation
Sediment Pond size: Same as Standard CGP

41. Watershed Specific Permits
Ohio EPA Requirements
Submittal of SWPPP with NOI application
ODOT submits temporary sediment basin locations, post-construction BMP locations, and mitigation calculations. Contractor completes remainder of SWPPP when project is awarded.
45-day review period (standard CGP is 21 day review)

42. Watershed Specific Permits
“Mitigation for mitigation”
Overlapping Mitigation resulting from State or Federal environmental regulations (i.e. 404/401) may be adjusted in recognition of these requirements.

43. Watershed Specific Permits
Redevelopment Projects covered by Watershed Specific Permits
Projects located within the delineated setback boundary are exempt from Riparian Setback Mitigation provided the proposed project does not further intrude the delineated setback boundary.

44. Watershed Specific Permits
Big Darby and Olentangy were generated by TMDL recommendations
More TMDL watersheds have potential to become Watershed Specific Permits.

45. Detention Basin
Exfiltration Trench
Vegetated Biofilter
Manufactured System

46. Questions? Mike Wawszkiewicz, P.E. Phone: 614-728-4585
ODOT Post-Construction BMP Website: