1. Status of ID sonar developments Greg Hallewell Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CNRS/IN2P3) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 1

2. R. Bates a, M. Battistin b, S. Berry b, J. Berthoud b, A. Bitadze a, P. Bonneau b, J. Botelho-Direito b, N. Bousson c, G. Boyd d, G. Bozza b, E. Da Riva b, C. Degeorge e, C. Deterre f, B. DiGirolamo b, M. Doubek g, D. Giugni b, J. Godlewski b, G. Hallewell c, S. Katunin h, N. Langevin c, D. Lombard b, M. Mathieu c, S. McMahon i, K. Nagai j, E. Perez-Rodriguez b, D. Robinson k, C. Rossi l, A. Rozanov c, V. Vacek f, M. Vitek f and L. Zwalinski b a SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G62 7QB, UK b CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland c Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France d Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA e Indiana University, Department of Physics, 727 East 3 rd St. Bloomington, IN 47405, USA f Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany g Czech Technical University in Prague, Department of Applied Physics, Technická 4, 166 07 Prague 6, Czech Republic h B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI), 188300 St. Petersburg, Russia i Rutherford Appleton Laboratory - SFTC, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, OX11 OQX, UK j Department of Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria k Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cavendish Laboratory, J.J. Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK l Department of Mechanical Engineering - Thermal Energy and Air Conditioning Division, Università degli Studi di Genova Via All'Opera Pia 15a - 16145 Genova, Italy ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 2

3. Sonar (speed of sound) measurements used for the analysis of binary gas mixtures of dissimilar molecular weight, including C 3 F 8 /N 2, C 3 F 8 /C 2 F 6 & C 3 F 8 /air in the ATLAS pixel & SCT cooling system – soon also CO 2 /N 2 for the IBL ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 Sound transit times measured in opposing directions in flowing gas provide simultaneous flow measurement in the same instrument Precisions: (<0.1%)C 3 F 8 /N 2 ~4.10 -5 : C 3 F 8 /(  25%)C 2 F 6 ~3.10 -3 : C 3 F 8 /(0  10%) air ~ 10 -3 : (<0.1%)CO 2 /N 2 ~ 5.10 -4 (expected) 3

4. Using Polaroid/SensTech model 6000 camera/robotics 50 kHz ultrasonic transducer. May need to go to acoustic frequencies (1-4 kHz) & conventional loudspeakers for gases with high CO 2 content Custom microcontroller-based electronics sends sound pulses & measures transit time in two opposing directions, along with process gas temperature & pressure ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 4

5. Environmental N 2 envelope gas from pixel & SCT detectors is aspirated into sonar tubes for sound velocity analysis. (instruments & SCADA computer running PVSS in USA15 gas room) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 5

6. NO NC P (0  1 bar abs ) Vacuum pump (membrane) P (0  1 bar abs ) P (0  1 bar abs ) P (0  1 bar abs ) Pixel SCT TRT/IBL TRT To mobile GC Vacuum pump (membrane) Vacuum pump (membrane) Vacuum pump (membrane) To air extraction system Future Acoustic frequency sonar (1-4 kHz) IBL To air extraction system To air extraction system To air extraction system To mobile GC To mobile GC ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 6

7. 7 Vac pump driver - version 2 Valve driver Sonar chassis (sonar tube 1 + analog inputs, temp + press.) Sonar chassis (tube 2- sonar only, no A.I.) Dell Poweredge 1950 on ATLAS general network will soon be replaced by new R610 server on ATCN network (already installed: OS uploaded via ATCN) PVSS projects will soon be migrated onto the new R610 for testing ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013

8. Example PVSS-v3.8 Graphical User Interface: one sonar tube + linked temperature sensors ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 8

9. We have been analyzing pixel N 2 environmental gas for C 3 F 8 leaks for more than 18 months (  Feb 2013) Pixels: ~70 independent C 3 F 8 evaporative cooling circuits Leaks in certain circuits of « L2 » (barrel: layer 3) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 9

10. Results from long term (> 18 month) study of pixel N 2 environmental gas for C 3 F 8 leaks % concentration of C 3 F8 in N 2 (molar)) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 10

11. Identification of cooling circuits with C 3 F 8 pleaks during pixel detector cooling restart: 15 January 2012 (re-confirmed during shut-down 20 February 2013) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 11

12. We also analyzed SCT N 2 environmental gas for C 3 F 8 leaks for 2 months (  Feb 2013) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 12

13. SCT and pixel detector cooling shut-down 20 February 2013. ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 13

14. Sound velocity measurement uncertainty  c  = 0.05ms -1 Total from effects:  (temperature, pressure, distance between transducer membranes, transit time measurement) Mixture measurement precision  mix =  c  m m = local gradient of curve (c vs. conc. C 2 F 8 in N 2 )  (0.05ms -1 /12.27ms -1 % -1 )  0.004% (0≤%C 3 F 8 ≤ 1%) 14

15. Analysis of CO 2 leaks from IBL staves into N 2 atmosphere Membrane: separation of IBL N 2 atmosphere from that of the rest of the pixel detector 82 nd Sonar Meeting, CERN, October 16 th, 2013 15

16. Slope = 1.1 ms -1 % -1 Mix. resolution for sound vel. measurement uncertainty of 0.05ms -1  0.05% MW CO 2 = 44: MW N 2 = 28 16 ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013

17. Sonar installations for the New thermosiphon evaporative coolant circulator (will replace USA15 C 3 F 8 compressors) (See also slides by Michele Battistin) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 17

18. Degassing sonar Sonar UFM 3-4 aspirating sonars SCT, pixel, IBL, TRT(?) : Poweredge 610 handling all sonars, interface to ATLAS FSM and DB 18

19. Condenser platform Cable slot 3178 3185 ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 19

20. Degassing sonar (now leak-tested for installation) & local electronics Being assembled & tested by Sergey Katunin ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 20

21. Control cables for Thermosiphon condenser & degassing sonar Cladding wall Bldg 3178 Sonar electronics cabinet mounted on frame Bldg 3185 ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 21

22. ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 22

23. ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013  -controller: Modbus under TCPIP  -controller: Modbus under TCPIP 23 ATLAS ATCN network ATLAS ATCN network Sonar system integration into the ATLAS DCS

24. High flow UFM now installed in USA15 compressor room ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 24 Gas flow Sound transit time diff in opposed Directions at 45º to gas flow  flow rate

25. Local sonar electronics to go on wall next to door ATCN ethernet spur to switch in T/DAQ room 4-20mA signals For Tup, Tdown, Ultrasonic flowmeter in thermosiphon C 3 F 8 vapour return line (400 l/sec) to surface: installed in USA15 Thermosiphon PLC-based control system racks (provide sonar UPS feed) ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 25

26. Instrument can also analyze C 3 F 8 /C 2 F 6 blend molar ratio if blend operation becomes necessary. ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 26 Ref: Alex Bitadze PhD thesis (Univ. Glasgow): Evaporation temp. improvement in SCT bistave with varying C 2 F 6 /C 3 F 8 blends: (Vertical error bars represent ± 0.3% precision on blend measurement with sonar in a combined flowmeter/analyzer)

27. ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 SOME RECENT SONAR REFERENCES (not exhaustive) [1] R. Bates et al, JINST 8 (2013) P02006 [2] R. Bates et al, “A custom on-line ultrasonic gas mixture analyzer with simultaneous flowmetry, developed for the upgraded evaporative cooling system of the ATLAS Silicon Tracker.” Proc. 3 rd intl. conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and Applications, Marseille, June 23-27 2013; to be published in IEEE Trans. Nucl. Science. [3] R Bates et al, JINST 8 (2013) C01002 [4] R. Bates et al, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 59(2012) 2367 [5] R. Bates et al, “SIMULTANEOUS ON-LINE ULTRASONIC FLOWMETERY AND BINARY GAS MIXTURE ANALYSIS FOR THE ATLAS SILICON TRACKER COOLING CONTROL SYSTEM.” Proc 14 th Intl. Conference on Accelerator & Large Experimental Physics Control Systems, San Francisco, Sept 25-30 2013; to be published in JINST 27

28. Sonar measurements allow continuous real-time analysis of binary gas mixtures (including those formed by leaks) Sonar is being integrated into the ATLS DCS. Precision improves with mol. wt. difference: Sonar has repeatedly identified in-operation leaks in layer 2 of pixel detector at 10 -5 level: Used for SCT environmental gas, soon also IBL: Will play a vital role in thermosiphon operation Also for possible C 3 F 8 /C 2 F 6 blend operation ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 28

29. Back-up slides ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 29

30. Wall Installation (automated sampling) 30 82 nd Sonar Meeting, CERN, October 16 th, 2013 Original tube positions respected in new panel (old labels still relevant)

31. Present ID sampling points (7 tubes run up 150m from inner detector to sonar rack in USA15 gas room) ° ° Aspiration 150m to sound velocity analyzers Pixel detectors: N 2 atmosphere SCT detectors: N 2 atmosphere ATLAS ID week, CERN, October 28 th - November 1 st 2013 31