1. THE TRIUMPH OF INDUSTRY
UNITED STATES HISTORY CHAPTER 13 PRENTICE HALL

2. WHERE US 1 ENDS AND US 2 BEGINS…
1865- THE CIVIL WAR ENDS
1867- THE SOUTH PLACED UNDER MILITARY RULE
1876- CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION
1877- RECONSTRUCTION ENDS

4. CENTENNIAL EXHIBIT PHILADELPHIA, 1876
CORLISS STEAM ENGINE

5. TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
VOCABULARY
ENTREPRENEUR
PROTECTIVE TARIFF
LAISSEZ FAIRE
PATENT
BESSEMER PROCESS
SUSPENSION BRIDGE
TIME ZONE
MASS PRODUCTION

6. ENCOURAGING INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
THE CIVIL WAR TRANSFORMED INDUSTRY
PRODUCTS HAD TO BE MADE MORE QUICKLY AND EFFICIENTLY
FACTORIES INTRODUCED NEW METHODS AND TOOLS

7. THE FOOD INDUSTRY DEVELOPED PROCESSED FOODS
RAILROADS EXPANDED
NEW POWER SOURCES WERE DEVELOPED
IMMIGRATION INCREASED TO MEET DEMAND FOR LABOR

8. NATURAL RESOURCERS FUEL GROWTH
EASTERN COAL MINES
FORESTS NATIONWIDE
NAVIGABLE RIVERS
OIL (EDWIN DRAKE)
TITUSVILLE, PA (1859)

9. THE WORKFORCE GROWS IMMIGRATION INCREASED AFTER THE CIVIL WAR
,000 IMMIGRANTS
,000,000 PER YEAR
IMMIGRANTS WORKED FOR LOW WAGES
IMMIGRANTS WERE WILLING TO MOVE IN PUSUIT OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
NEW AGRICULTURAL METHODS REDUCED THE NUMBER OF FARMERS NEEDED

10. CAPITALISM ENCOURAGES ENTREPRENEURS
CAPITALISM- FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM
INDIVIDUALS OWN MOST BUSINESSES
ENTREPRENEURS- PEOPLE WHO INVEST MONEY IN A PRODUCT OR ENTERPRISE IN ORDER TO MAKE A PROFIT

11. GOVERNMENT POLICIES ENCOURAGE FREE ENTERPRISE
GOVERNMENT GAVE LAND TO RAILROADS IN RETURN FOR PROMISE TO QUICKLY LINK EAST AND WEST COASTS
CONGRESS PASSED PROTECTIVE TARIFFS
TAXES ON IMPORTED GOODS MADE LOCAL PRODUCTS MORE AFFORDABLE
GOVERNMENT ENCOURAGED LAISSEZ-FAIRE POLICIES
BUSINESSES OPERATING WITH MINIMAL GOVERNMENT CONTROL
LEGAL SYSTEM ENFORCED PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS

12. INNOVATION DRIVES THE NATION
ELECTRICITY TRANSFORMS LIFE
THOMAS EDISON INVENTS LIGHT BULB (1880)
EDISON HELPS DEVELOP CENTRAL POWER PLANTS TO LIGHT CITIES
GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE DEVELOPS TECHNOLOGY TO SEND ELECTRICITY OVER LONG DISTANCES

14. REVOLUTIONIZING COMMUNICATIONS
SAMUEL MORSE –TELEGRAPH (1844)
ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL- TELEPHONE (1876)
GUGLIELMO MARCONI- WIRELESS TELEGRAPH (1896)

15. MORSE CODE

16. STEEL- A PRACTICAL WONDER
HENRY BESSEMER- DEVELOPS BESSEMER PROCESS THAT MAKES STRONG, LIGHTWEIGHT STEEL
STEEL MADE THE CONSTRUCTION OF SKYSCRAPERS POSSIBLE
BY 1890, THE US WAS PRODUCING MORE STEEL THAN ENGLAND
STEEL ALSO MADE POSSIBLE THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUSPENSION BRIDGES
SUSPENSION BRIDGES- ROADWAY IS SUSPENDED BY STEEL CABLES
BROOKLYN BRIDGE COMPLETED IN 1873
JOHN A. ROEBLING

18. TECHNOLOGY AND TRANSPORTATION
WESTINGHOUSE- AIRBRAKES FOR TRAINS
WOODS- TELEGRAPH SYSTEM FOR TRAINS
SWIFT- REFRIGERATED RR CARS
BY 1883, 3 TRANCONTINENTAL RR LINES WERE IN OPERATION

19. ELECTRIC STREETCARS, COMMUTER TRAINS & SUBWAYS ALLOWED FOR COMMUTING FROM SUBURBS
WRIGHT BROTHERS COMPLETED 1ST SUCCESSFUL AIRPLANE FLIGHT IN 1903 IN KITTY HAWK, NC

20. 1884, WORLD DIVIDED INTO 24 TIME ZONES
TIME ZONES- ONE TIME ZONE PER EACH HOUR OF THE DAY

21. A SPIRAL OF GROWTH
BECAUSE RR’S COULD CARRY LARGE AMOUNTS OF GOODS QUICKLY, BUSINESSES COULD OBTAIN RAW MATERIALS EASILY AND SELL FINISHED GOODS TO MORE CONSUMERS
THIS FOSTERED NEW METHODS OF ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT BY THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY
THIS STIMULATED INNOVATION IN MANY OTHER INDUSTRIES

22. TO MEET GROWING DEMAND, OWNERS DEVELOPED MASS PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
THIS SPIRAL OF GROWTH ALLOWED FACTORIES TO GET LARGER AND CAUSED A NEED FOR MORE FACTORIES
TO MEET GROWING DEMAND, OWNERS DEVELOPED MASS PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
MASS PRODUCTION- SYSTEMS FOR TURNING OUT LARGE NUMBERS OF PRODUCTS QUICKLY AND INEXPENSIVELY
MASS PRODUCTION REQUIRED MACHINERY TO CARRY OUT TASKS ONCE DONE BY HAND

24. LINKING WORLD MARKETS
BY 1880, THE US DOMINATED INTERNATIONAL GRAIN, STEEL AND TEXTILE MARKETS
THE US HAD AS MANY MILES OF RR AS THE REST OF THE WORLD COMBINED

26. CHANGING AMERICAN SOCIETY
AS FARMS BECAME MORE MECHANIZED, MANY PEOPLE MOVED TO URBAN AREAS TO FIND WORK
MORE GOODS WERE AVAILABLE FOR PURCHASE
COST OF LIVING INCREASED
PEOPLE WERE DEPENDENT ON CASH WAGES
MANY JOBS WERE REPETITIVE FACTORY JOBS

27. THINKING ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT
INDUSTRIAL WASTE FROM FACTORIES INCREASED
MINING DESTROYED LARGE AREAS OF LAND AND POLLUTED WATER
INCREASED FARMING LED TO EROSION AND DUST STORMS
CONGRESS CREATED THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AND BEGAN TO SET ASIDE LAND FOR THE PUBLIC
YELLOWSTONE PARK WAS CREATED IN 1872