1. Go to Section: Photosynthesis Chapter 8

2. Go to Section: Saving for a Rainy Day Suppose you earned extra money by having a part- time job. At first, you might be tempted to spend all of the money, but then you decide to open a bank account. 1. What are the benefits of having a bank account? 2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money? 3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it needs to carry out its activities? 4. What does your body do when it needs energy? Section 8-1 Interest Grabber

3. Go to Section: I. Energy and Life A. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs B. Chemical Energy and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) 1. principal chemical compound used in cells to store and release energy Section 8-1 Section Outline

4. Go to Section: AdenineRibose3 Phosphate groups Section 8-1 ATP

5. Go to Section: 2. Energy is primarily stored at ATP 3. To release energy the chemical bond between the second and third phosphate groups is broken producing ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

6. Go to Section: ADPATP Energy Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + PhosphateAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) Partially charged battery Fully charged battery Section 8-1 Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery

7. Go to Section: ADPATP Energy Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + PhosphateAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) Partially charged battery Fully charged battery Section 8-1 Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery

8. Video 1 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 1 ATP Formation

9. Go to Section: C. Using Biochemical Energy 1. ATP is used for: a. active transport of ions b. synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids c. respond to chemical signals on the cell surface 2. ATP is not good for storing large amounts of energy long term

10. Go to Section: 3. One glucose molecule stores 90 times more chemical energy than one molecule of ATP 4. Cells can regenerate ATP from ADP as needed by using glucose

11. Go to Section: II.Photosynthesis: An Overview A. Photosynthesis – the conversion of light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrate (ie – glucose) Section 8-2 Section Outline

12. Go to Section: Light Energy Chloroplast CO 2 + H 2 OSugars + O 2 Section 8-2 Photosynthesis: Reactants and Products

13. Go to Section: B. Photosynthesis Equation Carbon dioxide + water sugars + oxygen 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 light

14. Video 2 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 2 Photosynthesis

15. Go to Section: C. Light and Pigments 1. Photosynthesis also requires light and chlorophyll 2. Pigments a. light absorbing molecules b. Gather the sun’s energy 3. Chlorophyll a. Principal pigment used by plants b. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b 4. Carotenoids

16. Go to Section: Absorption of Light by Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b VB G Y O R Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a

17. Go to Section: III.The Reactions of Photosynthesis A.Photosynthsis takes place inside chloroplasts 1. thylakoids a. Saclike photosynthetic membranes b. Light collecting units of the chloroplasts Section 8-3 Section Outline

18. Go to Section:

19. 2. stroma a. Space outside the thylakoid membranes b. Light independent reactions or Calvin cycle occurs here

20. Go to Section:

21. B. Light-Dependent Reactions 1. require light 2. produce oxygen gas 3. convert ADP and NADP + into energy carries ATP and NADPH

22. Video 3 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 3 Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 1

23. Video 4 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 4 Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 2

24. Go to Section: C. Light-Independent Reactions/Calvin Cycle 1. uses ATP and NADPH from the light- dependent reactions to produce high- energy sugars 2. the ATP and NADPH formed by the light-dependent reactions contain a large amount of unstable chemical energy 3. the Calvin Cycle turns this energy into a stable form that can be stored for a long time

25. Video 5 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 5 Calvin Cycle

26. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Section 8-3 Concept Map

27. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Section 8-3 Concept Map

28. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Energy from sunlight Section 8-3 Concept Map

29. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Energy from sunlight ATP Section 8-3 Concept Map

30. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Energy from sunlight ATPNADPH Section 8-3 Concept Map

31. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Section 8-3 Concept Map

32. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Section 8-3 Concept Map

33. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Chloroplasts Section 8-3 Concept Map

34. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes Stroma Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Chloroplasts Section 8-3 Concept Map

35. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes Stroma ATP Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Chloroplasts Section 8-3 Concept Map

36. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes StromaNADPH ATP Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Chloroplasts Section 8-3 Concept Map

37. Go to Section: Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes StromaNADPH ATP Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Chloroplasts High-energy sugars Section 8-3 Concept Map

38. Go to Section: Chloroplast Light O2O2 Sugars CO 2 Light- Dependent Reactions Calvin Cycle NADPH ATP ADP + P NADP + Chloroplast Section 8-3 Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview

39. Go to Section: Hydrogen Ion Movement Photosystem II Inner Thylakoid Space Thylakoid Membrane Stroma ATP synthase Electron Transport Chain Photosystem IATP Formation Chloroplast Section 8-3 Figure 8-10 Light-Dependent Reactions

40. Go to Section: ChloropIast CO 2 Enters the Cycle Energy Input 5-Carbon Molecules Regenerated Sugars and other compounds 6-Carbon Sugar Produced Section 8-3 Figure 8-11 Calvin Cycle

41. Go to Section: The end