1. Basics of Civilizations

2. Prehistoric, Paleolithic people Used hunting and gathering

3. Ice age then Neolithic Revolution The world was very cold (Ice Age) As the weather warmed plants had an easier time growing Agriculture (farming) was the revolution during the Neolithic time period

4. Neolithic Revolution The “revolution” is agriculture (farming) and the domestication of animals.

5. Parts of Civilization Agriculture (farming) Sedentary living in cities Written language Code of law Division of labor

6. Fertile Crescent Euphrates and Tigris river made the area farmable Mesopotamia was in this location

7. Code of Hammurabi's It is a strict law code that applied to everyone. 1 st written law code!

8. Epic of Gilgamesh 1 st major piece of Literature

9. Polytheism or Monotheism Polytheism Believe in many gods such as Hinduism Monotheism Believe in one god such as Christianity

10. Astronomy used by Egyptians Predict, the flooding of the Nile

11. Hieroglyphics Egyptian Writing, use of symbols

12. The Great Wall of China Protection against the Mongols

13. China Himalayas (Mountains) caused China to be isolated (Alone) Just like the Greek City-States

14. Confucianism Follow the rules obey your parents It is a Social System, allowed for control by the Emperor over his subjects

15. Mandate of Heaven Rulers kept this by ruling well. Caused the Dynastic cycle, if there was a bad ruler the people would over throw him.

16. Walls Most ancient cities had these for protection

17. Caste System Created a rigid social class in India

18. Indian Innovations (South Asian) Mathematics

19. The Classical World

20. Ancient Greece Geography Mountains Isolated Greeks and created independent (alone) city-state.

21. Democracy Rule by many 1 st started in Athens, Greece Citizens help rule

22. Pythagoras Greek mathematician who advanced geometry

23. Hinduism Religion Alexander the Great could have come across as he went into India

24. Triumvirate Rule by three Julius Cesar was a part of it

25. Domes Romans used these in their architecture Created and used concrete

26. Rome Centrally located in the Mediterranean Allowed for effective rule

27. Fall of Rome Caused chaos and disorder (Dark Ages began)

28. Jesus Taught Compassion and love toward others.

29. Genghis Khan Mongolian Raider who conquered parts of Asia Grandson, Kublai Khan, extended the territory

30. Justinian’s code of law Compilation of Roman laws, created the body of civil laws known today

31. Byzantine Empire Founded on Christianity The Eastern Roman Empire Continued on after the fall of the Western Roman Empire

32. Islam and Africa

33. Muhammad Prophet and founder of Islam Islam spread rapidly after the death of Muhammad

34. West African Kingdoms Products were traded to Europe, throughout the Mediterranean, and Asia Trade routes get larger and territory (land they own) get larger Traded ivory, gold and slaves

35. Middle Ages (Feudal Eurasia)

36. Magna Carta Written document, 1215, Limited government, King vs. nobles Power to the people!!!! King did not have Absolute power!

37. Constantinople Major trade port between Europe and Asia Stopping point for Crusaders

38. Inquisition Catholic church created this court, to find and judge Heretics (nonbelievers)

39. Magna Carta Written document, 1215, Limited government, King vs. nobles

40. Magna Carta Written document, 1215, Limited government, King vs. nobles Power to the people!!!! King did not have Absolute power!

41. Serf Poor worker forced to stay on the lords land and work, basically a slave during the Middle Ages

42. Feudal Contract Unwritten contract between a Lord and Vassal

43. Crusades European Knights travelled to the Middle East to conquer Holy lands from Muslims. Initially for Christianity, their religion. Effects: – Ended Fuedalism (Land was passed to the King) – Cultural Difussion (Europeans learned to use a compass)

44. Catholic church Unifying force during the Middle Ages Churches were built on the Manor

45. Three field system increased crop production; thus, food supply able to harvest 2 crops a year and leaving one fallow (to regain nutrients) First used during the Middle Ages

46. Vikings Originated in Norway Attacked European villages

47. Black Death Spread South to North along the trade route Hit Italy, France, and Norway the worst Originated in China

48. Black Plague’s impact on Europe It killed a large proportion of the population, especially in countries with many sea ports.

49. Renaissance and Reformation

50. The Renaissance Increase (more) trade in Italy, less control of the Catholic Church, and an increase in individualism

51. Printing Press Helped information spread rapidly Saved Martin Luther More then words, pictures!

52. The Renaissance People focused on themselves and ideas outside of the Church The Catholic Churches Popularity decreased

53. Indulgence When the Catholic church sells you a pardon from sin. A document of forgiveness.

54. 95-Thesis Martin Luther wrote this to speak out against the Catholic church and the selling of indulgences

55. Exploration

56. Columbian Exchange Exchange of people, goods, and Ideas between the “New World” (the Americas) and the “Old World” (Europe and the known world) Started with Christopher Columbus “discovering” Cuba and infecting the natives with diseases

57. Columbian Exchange From Old World: Small pox, Horses, Cows, and other large animals From New World: Tobacco, Corn, Potatoes, Tomatoes

58. Astrolabe Gave Latitude based off of the position of the stars and planets Helped navigate seas and Oceans Islam Invention

59. Middle Passage Trip of Africans across the Atlantic Ocean Death, Disease, and tight living See photos above, imagine the heat.

60. African Slaves African slaves were needed for labor (shortage of labor) Brought their heritage and customs mostly to the Caribbean

61. Mercantilism The Age of Exploration led to the development of Mercantilism There were products and items to sell and find in the new locations found and colonized