1. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Chapter 1 Introduction to EMS Systems

2. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Introduction ►The EMS System ►The Emergency Medical Responder

3. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The EMS System Components of the EMS System ►Communication Centers ►Air Medical Transports ►Hospitals ►Law Enforcement

4. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The EMS System ►Specially Trained Personnel ►Ambulances ►Fire Departments ►Rescue Squads

5. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The EMS System In-Hospital Care System ►Emergency Departments ►Specialty Hospitals Traumas Strokes Burns Cardiac Problems Pediatrics

6. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The EMS System Medical Oversight ►Medical Director ►Off-Line Medical Direction Protocols (Standing Orders) ►On-Line Medical Direction

7. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Roles and Responsibilities “Emergency Medical Responders are trained to reach patients, find out what is wrong, provide emergency care and, only when necessary and without causing further injury, move patients. These individuals are usually the first trained personnel to reach the patient.”

8. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Roles and Responsibilities ►Personal Safety Disposable Gloves Barrier Devices Protective Eyewear Face Masks Gowns or Aprons Click the image to enlarge

9. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Roles and Responsibilities ►Traits Teachable Responsible Honest and Realistic Tactful and Respectful

10. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Roles and Responsibilities ►Traits Emotionally in Control Disciplined Understanding of Stress Healthy

11. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Assess For and Manage Hazards on Scene ►Gain Access to Patients in Vehicles ►Gain Access to Patients in Buildings ►Evaluate the Possible Cause of an Illness or Injury

12. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Gather Pertinent Information from Patient or Bystanders ►Properly Utilize Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ►Conduct an Appropriate Patient Assessment ►Gather Accurate Vital Signs

13. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Properly Document Assessment Findings ►Relate Signs and Symptoms to Illness or Injury ►Evaluate and Manage a Patient’s Airway and Breathing ►Perform CPR

14. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Properly Utilize an AED ►Control Bleeding ►Assess and Manage Shock ►Provide Care for Patients with Closed and Open Injuries

15. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Perform Basic Dressing and Bandaging ►Assess and Care for Possible Injuries to Bones and Joints ►Assess and Care for Possible Injuries to the Head and Face ►Assess and Care for Possible Injuries to the Neck and Spine

16. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Assess and Care for Possible Heart Attacks, Strokes, Seizures, and Diabetic Emergencies ►Identify and Care for Poisoning Cases ►Assess and Care for Burns ►Assess and Care for Heat- and Cold-Related Emergencies

17. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Assist a Mother in Delivering Her Baby ►Provide Initial Care for the Newborn ►Identify and Care for Drug and Alcohol Abuse Patients

18. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Move Patients (When Necessary) ►Perform Triage at a Multiple Casualty Incident ►Work within the Structure of an Incident Management System ►Work Under the Direction of More Highly Trained Personnel

19. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Skills EMRs should be able to: ►Deliver Oxygen ►Apply or Assist in Applying a Traction Splint ►Apply or Assist in Applying a Cervical Collar ►Assist in Securing a Patient to a Long Spine Board or Similar Device Used to Immobilize a Patient’s Spine

20. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Equipment, Tools, and Supplies The D.O.T. has recommended that EMRs have access to and be familiar with: ►Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ►Triangular Bandages ►Roller-Type Bandages ►Gauze Pads and Trauma Dressings ►Occlusive Dressings ►Adhesive Tape ►Bandage Shears

21. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Equipment, Tools, and Supplies ►Eye Protector (Paper Cup or Cone) ►Stick (for Tourniquet) ►Blankets and Pillows ►Upper and Lower Extremity Splint Sets The D.O.T. has recommended that EMRs have access to and be familiar with:

22. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Equipment, Tools, and Supplies ►Blood Pressure Kits ►Basic Extrication Tools, Such As: Jack Screwdriver Pliers Hammer Knife Rope The D.O.T. has recommended that EMRs have access to and be familiar with:

23. Bergeron, First Responder 8 th ed. © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ The Emergency Medical Responder Advances in Technology GPS Navigation and Tracking Click the image to enlarge