1. 1 EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE COOPERATION PROGRAM Implementation & Prospection By Jhy-ming Lu September 2003

2. 2 8.5 Kuril Islands ( 1963 ) 10 8.5 Banda Sea, Indonesia ( 1938 ) 9 8.5 Kamchatka ( 1923 ) 8 8.6 India-China Border(1950 ) 7 8.7 Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands ( 1965 ) 6 8.8 Off the Coast of Ecuador ( 1906 ) 5 9.0 Kamchatka ( 1952 ) 4 9.1 Andreanof Islands, Aleutian Islands (1957 ) 3 9.2 Prince William Sound, Alaska ( 1964 ) 2 9.5 Chile (1960) 1 10 Largest Earthquakes in the World since 1900

3. 3 Significant Earthquakes in APEC Region  Northridge, CA Earthquake (6.7) on January 17, 1994  Kobe, Japan Earthquake (6.9) on January 17, 1994  Chi-Chi, Chinese Taipei Earthquake(7.7) on September 21, 1999 And more recently:  Denali Park, Alaska Earthquake(7.9) on November 3, 2002  Colima, Mexico Earthquake(7.8) on January 22, 2003  Cause serious damages on lifeline facilities include electric substations, transmission towers, natural gas pipelines, gas stations, oil pipeline and other energy infrastructure

4. 4 Earthquake Response Cooperation Initiative  APEC Ministers endorsed the APEC Framework for Capacity Building Initiatives on Emergency Preparedness in 1998  Chinese Taipei proposed “Earthquake Response Cooperation Initiative” at EWG 19, and endorsed by the Fourth Meeting of APEC Energy Ministers’ Declaration  Chinese Taipei developed a three-year self-funded project to study the possible cooperation models on this purpose in EWG20  Excellent appraising from the Fifth Meeting of APEC Energy Ministers held in Mexico City, on 23 rd, July, 2002

5. 5 Project Overview  Objective: Establish the earthquake response cooperation system for energy infrastructure in the APEC region  Period: 3 years (2000~2002)  Main Items:  Information sharing among member economies on earthquake response organizations, experts, regulations, safety standards, risk assessment, past experiences, and case studies etc.  Workshop, seminars, contributions from participating member economies  Deliverables: reports, internet database, cooperative mechanism proposal

6. 6 Steering Committee(1)  Invite experts from APEC Member Economies as committee members  Working through meetings and net-discussion Functions:  Strategic planning  Directing the project implementation  Consultancy on earthquake technology  Providing information and material  Helping organize seminar

7. 7 Steering Committee(2) Accomplishments:  Conclude the mission and function for the steering committee  Reviewing the overall structure and objectives of the three- year project in 1990  Reviewing the seminar themes (1990~1992)  Discussing the content of cooperation mechanism in 1991

8. 8 Seminar - Retrospect 2002 in the Grand Hotel 2001 in Howard Plaza Registry: 2001 (200) 2002 (200) 2003 (145 est.)

9. 9 Feverish Discussion in the Seminar

10. 10 Progressive Advancement in the Themes  2001 1.Institutional Framework for Emergency Response of Energy Supply Systems 2.Past Earthquake Experiences Related to Energy Supply Infrastructure 3.Earth Risk Assessment and Information System for Energy Supply Infrastructure 4.Earthquake Preparedness and Response Planning for Energy Supply Systems 5.Panel Discussion on coordination of Earthquake Response Among APEC Member Economies for Energy Supply Systems  2002 1.Seismic design- construction standards, regulations and best practices for energy supply facilities 2.Cooperation mechanism 3.Earthquake emergency response, restoration plans, post-earthquake construction and lessons learned for energy supply system 4.The application of advanced seismic early warning and protection technologies in the energy supply industry  2003 1.Coordination of APEC Economies resources for energy infrastructure restoration after earthquake disaster. 2.Seismic code and design standard for energy infrastructure in APEC Economies and case studies. 3.Advanced technology for earthquake preparedness and response planning for energy supply system. 4.Developing earthquake monitor and early warning system for energy infrastructure in APEC Economies.

11. 11 Website and Databases http://verity.erl.itri.org.tw/earthquake Functions: Main-page Introduction Databases Instance News Background Steering Committee Project Linkages Documents Reports and Papers Standards and Regulations Experts Equipments Meetings and Seminars Announcement Suggestions(Guest Book) Discussion and Consultancy Forum Contacts Emergency and Preparedness Other Linkages Existed Constructing

12. 12 Page Views

13. 13 Seismic Standard and Regulation Studies On Energy Supply System Purpose: Collection of Codes and Standards Published among APEC Member Economies  Publication  Database On Accu- mulating

14. 14 Earthquake Emergency Contingency Handbook Focus on:  The handling of emergency situations  The preparations before and after the catastrophe  Contingency operation procedures Serve as a base to establish related regulations and rules for each APEC Member Economies due to differences in systems, regulations and the natural habitats among members

15. 15 Framing the Cooperation Mechanism Events:  Steering Committee Discussion in Sept., 2002  Discussion Paper in April, 2003  Review of of Steering Committee in June, 2003

16. 16 Steering Committee Conclusion in Sept., 2002(1)  Needing information website setup  Information publicly available not involving GIS data  An information website has been setting up accordingly  Establishing protocol for member economies in responding activities to event  Incentives/regulations to encourage the participation of utilities  Provision for informing energy supply impacts, response and recovery activities to significant earthquake event  Will be included in the content of the cooperation on finalizing the cooperation mechanism  All protocol, regulations, incentive and provision will need further studies and propose to member economies after the adopt of the proposal in EWG.

17. 17 Steering Committee Conclusion in Sept., 2002(2)  High political visibility needed  A cooperation mechanism is highly desirable and would be beneficial to member economies  Leaders / energy ministers endorse the adoption of the cooperation mechanism for energy supply systems  Need to final a suitable and acceptable proposal to the EWG and further to the Energy Minister Meeting  Will be adopt as requirements in the cooperation mechanism content to enhance the proposal

18. 18 Steering Committee Conclusion in Sept., 2002(3)  Proposed to establish a Task Group, lead by Dr. Tsai, on Monitoring, Warning and Rapid Information for Energy Supply Systems. With topics:  Information sharing  Design standards and construction  Detection and monitoring systems  Emergency response and recovery  Detection and monitoring systems will need further studies under direction of Dr. Tsai due to needs of technical studies  Other topics will be include in the functions of the website

19. 19 Discussion Paper in April, 2003 Sources of technical support Components to form cooperation mechanism: Project and project overseer Expert group in response to events Website with databases for information exchange Organization to function operation Periodical meeting of coordinators from member economies

20. 20 Review of of Steering Committee in June, 2003 Comments & Concerns on Discussion Board:  The coordination of setting up expert group in response of contingent actions afterward? By Steering committee?  Who will manage the website to seek information available in member economies?  A long term project overseer position from permanent unit is needed yet member economies, or probably energy supply companies can, in turn, be responsible activities yearly, or bi- yearly, coordinated by the overseer.  Periodical meeting of main coordinator of member economies be coordinated by steering committee.  Need adequate fund and organization to secure the long term success.  All periodical activities could be merged.

21. 21 Prospection  Possible Solution ? Constrains:  Sources of fund  Practices of APEC, concurrence and voluntary Project OverseerOp. TeamWeb & DatabasesSteering Committee Experts GroupTechnical InstitutionEquip. & Other Sources APEC Emergency Prep.APEC EWG Member Economy Contingency Task Team