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Problem StatementLiterature Jianjun Ji, Justine Cornelius & Kathryn Meinholz Sociology University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire China’s elderly population continues to rise The number of Chinese elderly over 60 is at about 10% of the population Research on the psychological well-being of the Chinese elderly is very rare, and relatively recent Psychological well-being can be explained by how we feel about ourselves and our lives in terms of happiness, wellness, and prosperity. This varies from one individual to another because it is a personal perception (Ryff, 1995). Dependent Variables Health, Relationships, Life Satisfaction, and Loneliness. The data we used comes from a survey collected by the China Research Center of Aging in December 1992 Children and the Chinese Elderly Childless women and men are more likely to feel lonely/depressed, and receive less support (Chou & Chi, 2004, 2000). Gender and the Chinese Elderly Older women living alone reported higher depressive symptoms than men (Chou et al., 2006) Men and women had different predictors for life satisfaction (finances, age, education, etc.) (Chou & Chi, 1999). Family Income, State Help, and the Chinese Elderly Those who received governmental income reported higher levels of depression than those who depended on their families (Lam & Boey, 2004). Financial strain and loneliness are correlates of depression (Chou & Chi, 2004). Links to Psychological Well-being of the Urban Chinese Elderly Theory Activity Theory One must be socially active in terms of one’s social roles in order to be satisfied as an older person Corresponds with the dependent variable perceived health Disengagement Theory One must disengage from society in terms of one’s social roles in order to be satisfied as an older person Withdraw older people from society to make room for younger people Corresponds with the dependent variables loneliness and relationships Modernization Theory Transformation from an underdeveloped society to a developed society Older people feel stripped from their functional roles and may feel lost Corresponds with the dependent variable life satisfaction Hypotheses 1.Demographic characteristics (# of children and gender) of the Chinese elderly have an impact on their psychological well-being. 2.Socioeconomic statuses (family income and state help) of the Chinese elderly have an impact on their psychological well-being. Research Methods Chi-square significance of nominal variables Cramer’s V strength of nominal variables Tau-c significance & strength of ordinal variables Discussion The demographic characteristics and socioeconomic statuses have a significant influence on the Chinese elderly. The results support our hypotheses. (shown above) Descriptive Statistics of Psychological Well-Being FrequencyPercentCumulative Percent ___________________________________________________________ Health Not good207321.021.0 So so458646.467.3 Good323032.7100.0 __________________________________________________________ Relationships Not good1051.11.1 Don’t know255525.826.9 Good722973.1100.0 ___________________________________________________________ Loneliness Not lonely 277528.128.1 Lonely711471.9100.0 ___________________________________________________________ Life Satisfaction Unsatisfied3703.73.7 Don’t know128713.016.8 Satisfied823283.2100.0 ___________________________________________________________ Results Gender has an effect on Health, Loneliness, and Life Satisfaction. (p-value <.001) Cramer’s V =.037 to.322 Number of children has an effect on Relationships, Loneliness, and Life Satisfaction. (p-value <.001) Tau-c =.033 to.054 (Life Satisfaction and Relationships) Cramer’s V =.072 (Loneliness) Family Income has an effect on Health, Loneliness, Relationships, and Life Satisfaction. (p-value <.001) Tau-c =.063 to.177 State Help has an effect on Loneliness and Life Satisfaction. (p-value <.001) Cramer’s V =.071 to.165 *Funds to support the project came from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Summer Research Experiences for Undergraduates Program, 2010
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