1. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Y. Feng and J. Yagoobi Heat Transfer Enhancement and Two-Phase Flow Laboratory Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engr. Dept. Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago, USA Control of Liquid and Liquid/Vapor Flow Distributions With EHD Conduction Pumping

2. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - thermal management of parallel evaporators and condensers correct liquid distribution required among parallel lines local hot areas and dry-outs due to mal- distribution EHD pumping as an active control method conduction pumping, a right choice Motivation

3. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - EHD Conduction Pump Electrode Design Schematic

4. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Electrode Picture

5. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Working Fluid, R-123    e (S/m)  (m 2 /V. s) 4.82.7E-84.8E-8  (Pa. s)  (kg/m 3 ) h fg (kJ/kg) 417.6E-61464171.4

6. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Generation in the Absence of a Net Flow

7. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - EHD Conduction Pump with Three Electrode Pairs

8. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Flow Distribution Control Apparatus Utilizing EHD Conduction Pump

9. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Experimental Results – Liquid Phase (mass flux = 100 kg/m 2 s, T = 25  C)

10. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Flow Distribution,  e = 10 kV

11. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Current Consumption,  e = 10 kV

12. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Flow Distribution,  e = 15 kV

13. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Current Consumption,  e = 15 kV

14. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Experimental Results – Liquid/Vapor Phases (mass flux = 50 kg/m 2 s, T sat = 25  C)

15. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Drop Along EHD Conduction Pump and Branch Tube, Vapor Quality = 6%

16. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Drop Along the Other Branch Tube, Vapor Quality = 6%

17. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Drop Along EHD Conduction Pump and Branch Tube, Vapor Quality = 20%

18. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Drop Along the Other Branch Tube, Vapor Quality = 20%

19. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Drop Along EHD Conduction Pump and Branch Tube, Vapor Quality = 26%

20. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pressure Drop Along the Other Branch Tube, Vapor Quality = 26%

21. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Conclusions Electrically driven flow generated by the EHD conduction pump successfully controlled the flow distribution between two parallel branch lines.

22. Electrohydrodynamics Laboratory + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Acknowledgement American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers.