1. © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. OGC Planetary Update and the Mars Program 53 rd OGC Technical Committee Meetings Bonn, November 9, 2005 Trent Hare USGS, Astrogeology

2. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 2 Outline Planetary Support in the OGC –Planetary Working Group? (charter posted, pending doc. 05-100) –A couple example issues –Next targeted tasks OGC Planetary Examples Mars Environmental GIS (NASA’s Planetary Protection) –meeting summary

3. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 3 CRS Issues W*S Requests –REQUEST=GetMap&SRS= EPSG:4326 &VERSION=1.1.1 –CubeWerx has informally defined EPSG:42180,42181,42080 –Need more than Mars and more formal codes Positive East is always assumed

4. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 4 ISO / GML Issues (more minor) A gml:PrimeMeridian defines the origin from which longitude values … gml:greenwichLongitude is the longitude of the prime meridian … "gml:greenwichLongitude"/>

5. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 5 GML/JPEG2000 Interoperability Test That said – Mars WORKS! –Even though we needed an extra schema for greenwichLongitude. MarsCRS.xsd: Longitude of the prime meridian measured from the ReferenceLongitude meridian, positive eastward. JPEG2000 has been recently “officially” approved to be used as a data format. Need to work on the GML version.

6. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 6 Small Scale Measures (geodesic measurements) Planetary mappers often deal with mapping at global scales If geodesic measures are supported, many default to WGS84. –W*S clients should be able to (* based on the defined CRS*) Return geodesic distances, profiles Calculate areas correctly Measure geodesic angles Geodesic buffers

7. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 7 Priority Planetary OGC Topics –CRS support Implement Planetary Code Space (i.e. planetary EPSG) Implement CRS Registry Service Update CRS semantics to allow easier planetary defn –WMS (but really all -- W*S) –WPS or WCPS (band ratios, viewsheds, etc.) Make sure planetary needs are also voiced

8. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 8 Planetary OGC Examples JPL’s WMS onMars: showing Mars Topography (with SLD)

9. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 9 Planetary OGC Examples NASA’s Worldwind accessing JPL’s WMS server (16 bit Png for topo, Image texture, topography colorized using SLD and transparent over image) 2X

10. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 10 Planetary OGC Examples JMARS (Mars Odyssey THEMIS Mission Planner) By Arizona State University

11. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 11 Planetary OGC Examples Callisto, Ganymede, Titan) USGS Server (Mars, Moon, Venus, Io, Europa,

12. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 12 Planetary Web GIS Examples Ohio State Mission Support

13. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 13 USGS Titan Mission Support Planetary Web GIS Examples

14. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 14 Insert ESA Mars Server HERE not yet released Planetary OGC Examples

15. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 15 Mars Program (MEGIS) Report of the Mars Environmental GIS Workshop, Oct. 5-6, 2005 Workshop held October 5-6, 2005, SETI Offices, Mountain View, CA Report dated: Oct. 27, 2005 Proposed bibliographic citation: MEGIS Participants (2005). Report of the Mars Environmental GIS Workshop, Oct. 5-6, 2005. Unpublished presentation file, 44 p, posted November, 2005 by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) at http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/workshop/index.html.

16. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 16 MEGIS Workshop Desired Outcomes 1.An assessment of the potential for a Mars environmental interpretive and query capability using GIS to provide an environmental classification of different sites on Mars with respect to both planetary protection concerns and science opportunities. 2.A description of the characteristics a Mars environmental GIS would need in order to achieve that potential and to optimize its utility. 3.A development plan describing the work needed to achieve the envisioned future state, including priorities and budget.

17. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 17 MEGIS Participants Workshop Organizers: Beaty, Buxbaum and Syvertson (Mars Program Office), and Lobitz and McKay (ARC).

18. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 18 Summary of MEGIS Workshop Conclusions (2 of 3) 2.The environmental classifications could be best integrated via a GIS—in fact, the workshop concluded that this is probably the ONLY way to achieve a credible result. 3.Drawing spatially resolved habitability interpretations is but one application of a broad-based martian GIS. a)Several prototype GISs have been developed for Mars, three of which were demonstrated at the workshop. They illustrate both the potential value and some of the challenge areas of setting up a system of global scope. b)There are key lessons to be learned from GIS experience on mapping spatial data on Earth. These also illustrate some of the potential and some of the challenge areas. c)Planetary protection decision making is one potential use of a full martian GIS, and support for developing this aspect of GIS capabilities will contribute to establishing broad program-level capability.

19. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 19 Report from Break-out Group #2: IT Considerations MEGIS Recommendations Form a “tiger team” to evaluate GIS issues and options Clarify PP data gaps, analysis, and modeling requirements Produce data (types, format, and interface) and analysis specifications (including time-series data) for a prototype PP MEGIS and build it Facilitate putting datasets judged to be important into GIS Provide researcher and public access through web services, e.g., web map server (WMS) and web coverage server (WCS)

20. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 20 Report from Break-out Group #2: IT Considerations MEGIS Recommendations (cont) Provide “on-line services” to help process datasets that are not easily derived as a single final product (e.g., MOC narrow angle, THEMIS visible images). Work with future mission planners to “task” instruments and define processing steps to meet geodetic standards Develop outreach activities to educate the planetary community about the benefits of: –GIS software for spatial analyses –Community-supported data formats

21. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 21 Planetary OGC Conclusions We want to advertise the need for planetary support in the OGC so members may remember (when possible) to leave out Earth-centric speak. Push interoperability via the OGC to planetary agencies –ESA, JSA, NASA Agencies, Universities, Planetary Data System, etc. Interest in OGC members for a Planetary Working Group. Includes colleagues that may have planetary interests that don’t know they are needed here yet. please contact if interested: thare@usgs.gov

22. Helping the World to Communicate Geographically © 2005, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 22 Sunset over Gusev Crater, Mars