1. 1 WHERE ARE WE WITH BIOFUELS? HONG KONG, SEPTEMBER 2011

2. Just the facts Distribution points There are 161,768 gas stations in the USA alone, but only 1,679 airports control 95% of the world’s passengers. Around 10% of fuel Total transport fuel use in 2008 was over 2 billion tonnes. Of that, commercial aviation used 215 million tonnes of Jet A-1. 2% of emissions Last year, aviation emitted 649 million tonnes of CO 2 from a global total of 34 billion tonnes. Largest operating cost Last year, airlines spent $140 billion on jet fuel, or 30% of operating costs. In 2003, it was 14%.

3. 20 June 2011 First biofuel flight with passengers JAL Test flight We’ve come a long way… 201120102009200820072012 1 Jul 2011 Approval 50% blend HRJ use in flights Air NZ Test flight Continental Test flight KLM Test flight TAM Test flight Interjet Test flight 23 Feb 2008 First commercial airliner test flight Late 2009 Approval 50% blend BtL use in flights

4. Passenger flights are taking place

5. Next steps Continued technology development –Feedstocks (crop-based, waste-based and algae) –Processes (e.g. alcohol-to-jet and pyrolysis) Commercialisation –Bringing biojet to parity with using conventional Jet A-1 Sustainability –Ensuring our supply of biofuel is truly sustainable

6. Global efforts SeaGreen @ Cranfield University Flightpath for biofuels Romania camelina value chain Spanish Camelina value chain Algae production trial @ MAD Aireg / German PureSky Solena project / British Airways Policy projects / Research projects / Biofuels production / Value chain and production

7. Global efforts Sustainable Aviation Fuels Northwest Farm to Fly Jatropha value chain project ABRABA in Brazil Solena project with 10 US airlines Detroit Airport biofuel production Plan de Vuelo in Mexico CAAFI

8. Global efforts Qatar Advanced Biofuel Platform Joint Laboratory for Sustainable Aviation Biofuels Chinese sustainable aviation study with PetroChina Sustainable bioenergy research centre

9. Global efforts Virgin Blue initiative to develop biofuel from native eucalyptus Sustainable Aviation Fuels Roadmap (Aust. and NZ) Solena and Qantas BtL plant

10. Global efforts Sustainable Aviation Fuels User Group (SAFUG)

11. Governments need to help: Support supply chain collaboration Establish global sustainability criteria De-risk investmentsProvide incentivesUnderstand local opportunities Foster research

12. Remaining questions……? How do we ensure a level playing field for aviation biofuels compared to other transport sectors? Can we crack the distribution challenges? Are we on the right track with individual airlines doing their own thing here and there? Do we need a bigger, bolder strategy? Do we need to engage more stakeholders?

13. 13 WHERE ARE WE WITH BIOFUELS? HONG KONG, SEPTEMBER 2011