1. HN 300 Unit 9 Seminar Diversity and Human Services Madelyn Harvey, PhD

2. Slides developed by David H. Johnson Millersville University of Pennsylvania

3. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Traditional gender roles for women include staying home and caring for children while being dependent upon husbands for livelihood  Less generous public assistance for women and children  More generous social insurance targeted male workers

4. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Fractured nature of feminism ◦ Liberal feminists ◦ Radical feminists ◦ Marxist feminists  In 2007, women earned 78% of what men earned

5. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Women are not the family wage earners  Women’s wages are considered supplemental, and women are considered as temporary employees  Women had fewer educational opportunities

6. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Also referred to as “pay equity”  Workers should be paid equally for different types of work that require same level of responsibility, effort, knowledge, and skill.  What would be the implications for the economy?

7. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  19 th Amendment gave women the vote  17 of 100 Senators are women (12 Democrats and 5 Republicans)  73 of 435 Members of Congress are women (49 Democrats and 24 Republicans)

8. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Equal Pay Act of 1963  Civil Rights Act of 1964 – Title VII  Executive Orders 11246 and 11375  1972 Education Amendments to Civil Rights Act – Title IX  Equal Credit Act of 1975  Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978

9. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Increased tax credits for child care and child care funds for families on TANF  Child care affordability  Extend Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 to more businesses

10. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Roe v. Wade decision by Supreme Court  Hyde Amendment prohibits federal funding for abortions (since 1976)  Changing tenor of the Supreme Court ◦ Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989) ◦ Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)

11. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  2000 EEOC ruling to force some employer- sponsored plans to cover birth control  RU-486 (mifepristone) – abortion pill  Levonorgestrel (Plan B or “morning after” pill)

12. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Sexual Assault  Intimate Partner Violence ◦ Need for legal protections for victims ◦ Need for treatment for victims and batterers ◦ Need for more research on best intervention practices

13. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Part of Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994  Established National Domestic Violence Hotline  Strengthens protective orders and prohibits those with restraining orders from possessing firearms

14. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Prohibited by Title VII of Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Title IX of 1972 Educational Amendments to the Act  Civil Rights Act of 1991 provides $50,000 to $300,000 in damages dependent on size of company  Multiple Supreme Court Cases

15. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Stonewall Riots – 1969 in New York City  Lawrence v. Texas – 2002 Supreme Court case overturned sodomy laws  Issues of discrimination in employment and housing  Hate crimes statutes – Matthew Shepard  Employment Non-Discrimination Act

16. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Over 1,100 benefits of marriage are denied to same-sex couples  Defense of Marriage Act of 1996  Some states and municipalities have legalized same-sex marriage  State Courts are battlegrounds

17. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Some courts consider sexual orientation in custody cases of biological children  Most states permit single parent adoption regardless of sexual orientation  Joint adoption (unmarried couples) and second-parent adoption varies among states

18. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell, Don’t Pursue (DADT) ◦ Congress passed prohibition against homosexuals in military service in 1993 ◦ Clinton issued DADT regulations  Congress and Obama are working on repealing it

19. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Ongoing battles with school districts  2000 Supreme Court ruled that Boy Scouts could exclude gay members and leaders  Leaders of pro-GLBT movement: ◦ GLSEN ◦ Lambda Legal ◦ Human Rights Campaign ◦ ACLU ◦ PFLAG

20. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 7e DiNitto  Comments, concerns, input based on social policies related to Gender, and Sexual Orientation?