2. Chapter 13 Energy Review K. Bollendorf 2009

3. Table of Contents Slide 1: Title Page Slide 2: Table of Contents Slide 3: Energy Slide 4: Types of Energy Slide 5: Gravitational Potential Slide 6: Elastic Potential Slide 7: Mechanical Slide 8: Thermal Slide 9: Chemical Slide 10: Electrical Slide 11: Electromagnetic Slide 12: Nuclear Slide 13: Energy Conversions Slide 14: Light Bulbs Slide 15: TVs Slide 16: Trees Slide 17: Fossil Fuels Slide 18: Nuclear Slide 19: Hydroelectric Slide 20: Wind Slide 21: Solar Slide 22: Sources Slide 23: About the Author SourcesAbout the Author

4. Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change TypesConversionsForms Click on one of the buttons below to learn more Ways to Conserve

5. There are two main types of energy: Potential-  energy that is stored and held in readiness Kinetic-  energy in motion  when any object is moving it has kinetic energy Types

6. Types of Potential Energy: 1. Gravitational- depends on an object’s height Example: Sky diving; the greater the altitude you jump from, the greater your gravitational potential energy

7. Types of Potential Energy: 2. Elastic- objects that can be stretched or compressed Examples: rubber band and a coil spring

8. Forms of Energy: 1. Mechanical- associated with motion or position of an object Example: Riding a bike requires mechanical energy.

9. Forms of Energy: 2. Thermal- associated with an increase in temperature due to the increased movement of molecules within a substance Example: Grills produce the thermal energy that cooks hamburgers

10. Forms of Energy: 3. Chemical- stored in chemical bonds Examples: Stored in the food you eat, wood, or fossil fuels

11. Forms of Energy: 4. Electrical- energy carried in moving electrical chargers Examples: Power lines or a car battery Sources of Electrical Energy

12. Forms of Energy: 5. Electromagnetic- energy that travels in waves Examples: Visible light, radio waves, and microwaves

13. Forms of Energy: 6. Nuclear- energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; When atoms with large nuclei such as uranium are split apart (nuclear fission) tremendous amounts of energy is released Example: Nuclear power plants heat water to make steam which will be used to make electrical energy

14. Energy Conversions When energy is converted it changes from one form of energy into another form of energy. Most forms of energy can be converted into another form. Click on the picture below to find out how energy is converted

15. Energy Conversion Examples 1. Light bulbs convert electrical energy into electromagnetic (light) and thermal (heat) energy.

16. Energy Conversion Examples 2. Televisions convert electrical energy into electromagnetic (light) and mechanical (sound) energy.

17. Energy Conversion Examples 2. Trees convert electromagnetic energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis.

18. Sources of Electrical Energy 1. Fossil fuels  Derived from ancient organic material  Includes coal, natural gas, and petroleum  Supported by current infrastructure  Negative impacts: Non-renewable Combustion releases green house gases such as CO 2

19. Sources of Electrical Energy 2. Nuclear  Heats water producing steam through controlled nuclear reactions  Steam turns turbines to produce electricity  Produces no atmospheric pollution  Negative impacts: produces radioactive waste Discharges warm water into nearby rivers affecting aquatic species Back to Electrical Energy

20. Sources of Electrical Energy 3. Hydroelectric  Generated from falling water  Turns turbines which produce electricity  Produces no pollution  Negative impacts: damages ecosystems through the damming of rivers Back to Electrical Energy

21. Sources of Electrical Energy 4. Wind power  Produced from windmills (called turbines)  Produce no pollution  Concerns include: Expensive start-up costs Dependent upon amount of wind Noisy May negatively impact birds Back to Electrical Energy

22. Sources of Electrical Energy 5. Solar energy  Comes from the sun  Produces no pollution  Concerns: Expensive startup costs Dependent upon weather and seasons Back to Electrical Energy

23. Sources Content:  Frank, David V., et al. Prentice Hall Physical Science. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Inc., 2002.  Thinkquest.org. 2009. http://library.thinkquest.org/6064/cgi-bin/sources.cgi http://library.thinkquest.org/6064/cgi-bin/sources.cgi Photos, Graphics, and Animations  Microsoft Powerpoint Clip Art  Bollendorf, Kyle P. 2009.

24. About the Author Mr. Bollendorf teaches 8 th grade physical science at Fleetwood Area Middle School K. Bollendorf 2009