1. AP World History Journal 1/29 Briefly explain the significance of the following people: John Locke- Baron De Montesquieu (Charles De Secondat)- Jean Jacques Rousseau Due in 5 minutes

2. Berbers GOLD SALT Gold-Salt Trade

3. Important African Empires Crash Course

4. Songhay Empire 1400’s-1591  Islamic Empire  Controlled the trans-Saharan Trade Routes  Timbuktu was an important trading center but also a cultural center  Muslims emperors encouraged the building mosques and schools to teach Islam

5. Swahili-Speaking Areas of E. Africa SWAHILI [“the coast’] = Bantu + some Arabic

6. Timbuktu-”Heavenly Clay”

7. Timbuktu Rooftop, Mosque

8. The Triangle Trade

9. Slave Trade in the Congo

10. Slave Ship Plan  4-6 week journey involves horrific conditions for captured Africans.  Approximately 4 million die on journey  Slave Trade Slave Trade

11. Onboard the Slave Ship

12. Slave Ship Interior

13. Slaves at Work in a Mine 13

14. Slave With Iron Muzzle

15. African Captives Thrown Overboard Sharks followed the slave ships across the Atlantic!

16. Slave Master Brands

17. Inspection and Sale

18. Slave Auction in the Southern U. S.

19. African Slave Export per Year 19

20. Arab Slave Traders 20

21. “Black” Gold for Sale! Triangular trade brings 12 million slaves to Americas between 15 th to 18 th centuries.

22. “Coffin” Position: Onboard a Slave Ship

23. First Slave Auction New Amsterdam (Dutch New York City - 17c)

24. 30 Lashes

25. Whipped Slave, early 19c

26. Impact of the Slave Trade  12 million people brought to the Americas  Distorted sex ratios resulting in polygamy and forced women to take on men’s duties  Fostered violence & conflict between African people

27. Resistance to Slavery  Queen Nzinga (Ndongo)- led a spirited resistance against the Portuguese  Olaudah Equiano-  Haitian Revolution-

28. Olaudah Equiano (1745-1797) 1789  wrote and published, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa the African.

29. Abolitionist Symbol, 19c

30. African states, 1500-1650 30