2. 1-3. Answers will vary.

4. Answers will vary, but robots can walk on water and upside down while only humans can feel emotions and write poems.

5. Most of skills are mentioned except write poems and actually feel emotions. Today’s robot cannot yet play sports or feel what they are experiencing.

6. Lesson 12A Click here to enlarge the passage

7. Vocabulary Lesson 12A

8. aid (v.) to help

9. dangerous (adj.) able or likely to hurt you

10. industry (n.) the work of making thing in factories

11. whereas (conj.) while in contrast, because

12. operate (v.) to make a machine work

13. alternative (n.) a different plan from the first one

14. rough (adj.) uneven, not smooth

15. sign (n.) something that shows that anther thing exists or is happening

16. single (adj.) only one

17. exist (v.) to be present in the world as a real thing

18. entire passage lines 7-10 lines 11-13

19. line 17 lines 24-25

20. a, cdb, e

21. exist industries operate

22. dangerous signs whereas alternativeaid single

26. 1 2 3 4 5

27. Answers will vary, but possibilities include transportation, entertainment, communication, law enforcement (police), some tasks (dog walking)

28. Lesson 12B Click here to enlarge the passage

29. Vocabulary Lesson 12B

30. firm (adj.) hard, not soft

31. treatment (n.) medical attention given to sick or injured people

32. cell (n.) the smallest part of a plant or an animal

33. program (n.) a set of instructions for a computer to do something

34. pattern (n.) a design of lines and shapes

35. label (n.) information that is attached to something

36. drive (v.) to operate and control a vehicle

37. network (n.) a group of people or things that have a connection with one another and work together

38. succeed (v.) to reach a goal or do well at something

39. replace (v.) to take the place of something

40. entire passage lines 11-14 line 12

42. faces (bodies) firm smart small color pattern sleeve

43. network program

44. drive replace treatment patterns succeed

45. program cell label firm pattern

46. life planet surface land

47. rough operate patterns alternative existed whereas signsdrive

48. 1 and 2. Answers will vary.

49. For More Information http://www.razorrobotics.com/ http://inventors.about.com/od/fstartinvention s/tp/Future_Techno.htm

50. Key Words for Internet Research animal-botsfuture technology robotic body parts AsimoMars Roverservice robots robotsnanotechnology EveR-1RFID

51. Reading Skills

52. Reading for Gist Reading for gist is reading to get a general sense of what a reading passage is basically about. In other words, we read to understand the main topic, or theme of the passage. For example, a reading passage might basically be about a new type of technology, or a tourist's vacation trip, or a story about a fictional character.

53. Recognizing the Purpose Recognizing the purpose of a text involves firstly asking yourself a few important questions such as “What am I reading?” to determine text type (eg: newspaper article, website, advertisement), “Why did the author write the text?”, to establish author’s objectives, and “Why am I reading this text?”, to determine your own reading objectives and what you can extract from the passage.

54. Identifying Details Identifying details in a text to answer specific questions (eg: who, what, when, where, why) is often achieved through a strategy known as ‘Scanning’ for details. This is actually a technique often used in daily life when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. Also when you read a newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text for important information of interest.

55. Understanding Reference Understanding reference in a text is an important reading skill which involves focusing on specific meaning of ‘pronoun references’ used throughout a passage (eg: this, those, their, it). This is an important skill to help develop full comprehension of significant details of a section of a passage which refer back to previous statements made.

56. Making Inferences When we read a text, the author does not tell us everything. Therefore, we must be able to guess some things and make clear assumptions from the information, facts, opinions and author’s feelings presented in the passage. Such a process of guessing and critical thinking is called ‘Making inferences’

57. Understanding the Main Idea Once we've determined the text type of a passage, and what it's generally about, we usually then read on to understand the main idea of the passage. In other words: What is the writer basically telling us? Or, What is the writer's main message? Understanding the main idea of a text means being able to identify the most important point or information in the passage.