2. HEALTHY LIVING GERMS AND DISEASES Class 4JH Stanford School Laceby

3. Some diseases are caused by germs There are many different types of germs, but the main ones are bacteria and viruses. Many of these germs live in your blood all the time and do you no harm. Other germs make you ill if they get inside your body and increase in number.

4. To make you ill, bacteria and viruses have to get inside your body and multiply [increase in number]. The germs can enter your body through any of the body's openings, such as the nose or mouth. To make you ill, bacteria and viruses have to get inside your body and multiply [increase in number]. The germs can enter your body through any of the body's openings, such as the nose or mouth.

5. When germs enter any of the body’s natural openings, they meet a number of defences. These help to stop them getting any further. Tiny hairs in the nose can help stop germs being breathed in. Saliva in the mouth kills some germs. Tears can kill some germs. Stomach juices kill some germs. Skin stops germs getting in

6. However, in spite of these natural defences, some germs will get into your body. Inside your body the environment is perfect for the bacteria and viruses. There is warmth and plenty of food. In these conditions the germs will quickly multiply and produce poisons which will be carried all around your body by the blood.

7. Some germs get into your body through natural opening. Other germs can get in when your skin is cut. Your skin is your first defence but we often cut ourselves and even a small cut lets in germs. Some germs get into your body through natural opening. Other germs can get in when your skin is cut. Your skin is your first defence but we often cut ourselves and even a small cut lets in germs.

8. Once the germs are inside your body they meet defences. they meet defences. Your blood contains white blood cells, amongst other things. Your blood contains white blood cells, amongst other things. Some of the white blood cells will engulf and digest bacteria. Other white blood cells produce chemicals called antibodies. Antibodies help to make the germs that cause disease harmless.

9. This is what happens if you cut yourself This is what happens if you cut yourself When you get a cut, bacteria surge in and begin to multiply.the blood vessels around the cut expand so that the blood can flow more quickly, bringing more white blood cells to the wound. The white blood cells try to destroy the germs. Any dead cells and dead germs are removed from the wound as pus. When you get a cut, bacteria surge in and begin to multiply.the blood vessels around the cut expand so that the blood can flow more quickly, bringing more white blood cells to the wound. The white blood cells try to destroy the germs. Any dead cells and dead germs are removed from the wound as pus.

10. Bacteria and viruses which cause diseases can be spread in many ways. By contact with infected droplets from someone with the disease. By drinking contaminated water. By eating contaminated food. By contact with infected people and infected objects.By contact with animals. When a disease can be spread or caught it is said to be infectious. Bacteria and viruses which cause diseases can be spread in many ways. By contact with infected droplets from someone with the disease. By drinking contaminated water. By eating contaminated food. By contact with infected people and infected objects.By contact with animals. When a disease can be spread or caught it is said to be infectious.

11. Bacteria are some of the smallest and simplest living things. Many hundreds of them would fit on the full stop at the end of this sentence. Bacteria are some of the smallest and simplest living things. Many hundreds of them would fit on the full stop at the end of this sentence.

12. Not all bacteria are harmful, some of them are useful to humans. The bacteria that are harmful can cause some really nasty diseases. They can also cause things like boils and food poisoning. They only shows signs of life when they get inside the living cells of plants and animals. They cause diseases like influenza and the common cold in us.

13. How to stop germs spreading Wash your hands regularly especially after going to the toilet. Cover your mouth when you’re sneezing. Keep your body as clean as possible. Brush your teeth twice a day. If you are ill, stay at home rather than come to school. Cover cuts with plasters.

14. Remember… Germs can be good but germs can be bad Treat them with care and you won’t feel sad!