1. CPORT- E Trial Randomized trial comparing outcomes of non-primary PCI at hospitals with and without on-site cardiac surgery

2. Motivation for Trial Sustain primary PCI program at no-SOS hospitals Improve access to PCI services Reduce pressure to create additional cardiac surgery programs Need for research to inform healthcare policy decisions by state and national organizations

3. C-PORT Elective Patient for Diagnostic Cath Informed consent Catheterization Meets inclusion criteria PCI no SOS PCI with SOS Exclusion criteria Consent Registry Refuse No Consent Registry Not Approached 3:1 Randomization

4. Study Endpoints Non-inferiority trial Primary Endpoints All-cause mortality at 6 weeks MACE at 9 months All-cause mortality Q-wave myocardial infarction Target vessel revascularization Assuming 6 week mortality to be 0.8%, a sample size of 18360 was selected to define a non-inferiority margin of 0.4% with a one-sided test for non-inferiority using α=0.05 and β=0.80 for both primary endpoints.

5. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Patient Institution Inclusion Age > 18 years Informed consent > 50% stenosis All target lesions approachable at no-SOS hospital Exclusion Unprotected LM EF < 20% MD-judged high risk Devices Inclusion Balloon, stent Distal protection Covered stent Cutting balloon - in-stent restenosis Exclusion Atherectomy Cutting balloon- de novo lesion Inclusion > 200 PCI/year 24/7 Primary PCI Complete formal development program Interventionalist meets AHA/ACC competency

6. Participating Centers 60 Centers Center Annual PCI Procedure Volume 150 (99,216) median (25 th,75 th percentile) Median Participation Duration 2.2 years

7. 99479 Visits 75674 Consented 23805 No Consent 18867 PCI Randomized 56807 Not Randomized 2298 PCI Excluded (12%)

8. 18867 PCI Randomized No PCI 299 (1.6%) PCI 18568 (98.4% CABG Lesion Not SignificantWithdrawal Medical TxOverall SOS0.73%0.79%0.68%0.51%3.68% No-SOS0.14%0.27%0.12%0.09%0.86% Assigned 18496 Unassigned 72 SOS 0.73% No-SOS 0.28% No-SOS 13981 SOS 4515

9. No-SOSSOSp-value Age (years) (mean+/-SD) 64+/-12 0.42 Male Gender (%) 64.063.20.37 Race/Ethnicity (%) Caucasian 79.180.2 0.33 Africa-American 11.811.3 Hispanic 5.6 Asian 2.11.9 Hypertension (%) 84.685.30.29 Hypercholesterolemia (%) 82.2 0.95 Smoking (Current & Former) (%) 61.662.70.20 Diabetes (%) 39.039.70.41 Family History of CAD (%) 56.757.90.17 Heart Failure (%) 8.6 8.80.64 Prior MI (%) 42.543.30.35 Prior PCI (%) 31.930.40.06 Prior CABG (%) 13.113.50.47 Prior Stroke or PVD (%) 17.318.40.09 Creatinine (mg/dl) 1.15+/-0.881.15+/-0.870.63 GFR ml/min/1.73 m 2 76.5+/-34.176.3+/-27.10.63 BMI kg/m 2 32.7+/-21.933.2+/-24.50.22

10. Presentation Clinical CharacteristicsProcedure Status No-SOS (%) SOS (%) Elective76.779.4 Urgent22.920.1 Emergency0.360.57 No-SOS (%) SOS (%) ACS63.864.1 Stable36.136.0 * P < 0.001

11. Baseline Diagnostic Catheterization No-SOS (%) SOS (%) p-value One vessel CAD36.134.70.22 Two vessel CAD35.937.2 Three vessel CAD28.0 Left main disease3.23.70.13 Graft disease9.49.70.44 LV function (EF)54.2 +/- 10.654.3 +/- 10.70.72 Totals add up to >100% because Left Main and Graft disease are in addition to disease in the three major circulations

12. Procedure Characteristics No-SOS (%) SOS (%) P- Value Staged25.767.7<0.0001 Lab Visits /Index PCI1.281.73<0.0001 Single Vessel PCI7978 Multi-Vessel PCI2122 Staged Index PCI procedure requires one or more catheterization laboratory visit dates in addition to the diagnostic catheterization date

13. PCI Success Patient Success P=0.0096 Lesion Success P=0.0474 PCI Success: <20% residual stenosis and TIMI 3 flow

14. Mortality 6- Weeks No-SOS (%) SOS (%) P-value Death0.910.930.94 The difference in 6 week mortality is -0.014% with a 90% confidence interval of -0.26% to 0.28%. The upper bound is <0.4%, so that the hypothesis of inferior 6 week mortality for the no-SOS hospitals is rejected at the one-sided P<0.05 level.

15. Adverse Events - 6-Weeks No-SOS (%) SOS (%) P-value Death0.910.930.94 Bleeding3.413.000.18 Vascular repair0.380.400.86 Stroke0.270.150.16 Renal Failure0.500.370.28

16. Unplanned Procedures No-SOS (%) SOS (%) P-value CABG0.480.680.10 Emergency CABG0.100.220.05 Unplanned Cath4.413.350.002 Unplanned PCI2.111.320.001

17. Summary Angiographic Outcomes PCI Success > 90% in both groups but lower in hospitals without surgery on-site (success rate difference of 1.1% on per patient basis; 0.7% on per lesion basis) Number of catheterization laboratory visits required to complete the index PCI is greater in patients randomized to hospitals with surgery on-site (1.3 versus 1.7 visits/patient) Unplanned procedure outcomes Unplanned catheterization and PCI procedures were uncommon but occurred more frequently in patients randomized to hospitals without surgery on-site (4.4% no-SOS vs 3.4% SOS) Emergency coronary CABG was rarely required, but was utilized more among patients at hospitals with surgery on-site (0.1% no-SOS vs 0.2% SOS) Patient Outcomes Mortality is similar in both groups (0.91% no-SOS vs 0.93% SOS) The incidence of bleeding, vascular repair, stroke and renal failure is similar in both groups

18. Conclusion In hospitals without on-site cardiac surgery that complete a formal PCI development program, adhere to C-PORT participation requirements, and whose outcomes are monitored, non-primary PCI is safe and associated with similar rates of adverse events including mortality. Long-term, quality outcome data are currently being collected on these study subjects and will be reported early in 2012.