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Objective 3.03 Discuss floriculture and landscape plants
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Taxonomy The science of classifying and identifying plants
Scientific names are used because the same common name is used for different plants in different areas of the world.
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Karl von Linne Swedish botanist that developed the binomial system of naming plants using two Latin words to indicate the genus and species. Linne changed his name to the Latin name Carolus Linneaus.
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Scientific Names Latin is the language used for scientific classification. The first word is the genus (first letter capitalized) and the second word is the species. If there are additional words after the species, they indicate the variety or cultivar (variety – var. or cultivated variety – cv.)
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Genus vs. Species Plants in the same genus have similar characteristics. Plants in the same species consistently produce plants of the same type.
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Scientific Classification
The broadest category of scientific classification is the Kingdom--either plant or animal. The broadest category in the plant kingdom is division or phylum.
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Divisions The four most important divisions of the plant kingdom are:
Thallophytes – algae, fungi, lichens Bryophytes – true mosses, liverworts Pteriophytes – ferns, horsetails, club mosses Spermatophytes – seed-bearing or flowering plants
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Spermatophytes Contains flowering or seed-bearing plants
Two subdivisions are: Gymnosperms – seeds not in ovary (cones) Angiosperms – seeds enclosed in ovary (flowering plants)
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Common Plant Genus Pinus-Pine Acer-Maple Ilex-Holly Ficus-fig
Cornus-dogwood Rhododendron-rhododendron Quercus-oak
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Trees
Acer palmatum Acer rubrum Betula nigra Cercis canadensis Cornus florida X Cupressocyparis leylandii Lagerstroemia indica Japanese maple Red maple River Birch Eastern Red Bud Flowering dogwood Leyland cypress Crape myrtle
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Trees
Liquidambar styraciflua Magnolia grandiflora Malus spp. Pinus strobus Pinus taeda Prunus serrulata ‘Kwanzan’ Pyrus calleryana ‘Bradford’ Quercus palustris Quercus phellos Sweetgum Southern magnolia Flowering crabapple Eastern White Pine Loblolly pine Japanese flowering cherry Bradford pear Pin oak Willow oak
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Shrubs
Abelia x grandiflora Aucuba japonica Berberis thunbergii Buxus sempervirens Euonymus alata Euonymus japonica Forsythia x intermedia Ilex x attenuata ‘Fosteri’ Ilex x cornuta ‘Dwarf Burford Holly’ Ilex x crenata ‘Helleri Holly’ Ilex vomitoria ‘Nana’ Glossy abelia Japanese aucuba Japanese barberry Common boxwood Winged euonymus Evergreen euonymus Border forsythia Fosteri holly Dwarf Burford holly Helleri holly Dwarf Yaupon holly
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Shrubs
Juniperus conferta Juniperus horizontalis ‘Plumosa’ or ‘Bar Harbor’ or ‘Wiltonii’ Ligustrum japonicum Myrica cerifera Nandina domestica Pinus mugo var. ‘Mugo’ Rhododendron catawbiense Rhododendron kiusianum Shore juniper Creeping juniper Japanese privet Wax myrtle Heavenly bamboo or dwarf nandina Mugo pine Catawba hybrid rhododendron Azalea
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Tropicals
Araucaria heterophylla Asparagus densiflorus ‘Sprengeri’ Chlorophytum comosum Dieffenbachia maculate Epipremnum aureum Euphorbia pulcherrima Ficus benjamina Ficus elastic ‘Decora’ Norfolk island pine Sprengeri fern Spider plant Dumbcane Golden pothos Poinsettia Weeping or Benjamin fig Decora rubber plant
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Tropicals
Maranta leuconeura var. kerchoviana Nephrolepis exaltata Philodendron scandens var. oxycardium Saintpaulia ionantha Schefflera arboricola Spathiphyllum Tradescantia zebrina Prayer plant Boston fern Parlor Ivy African violet Dwarf schefflera Peace Lily Purple wandering jew
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Perennials
Ajuga reptans Canna x generalis Chrysamthemum morifolium Chrysamthemum x superbum Hedera helix Hemerocallis cv. Hosta spp. Iris x germanica var. florentina Liriope muscari Ophiopogon japonicus Ajuga Canna Florist chrysamthemum Shasta Daisy English Ivy Daylily Hosta Bearded Iris Liriope green or variegated Mondo grass
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Horticulture I Plant ID - Annuals
Ageratum mexicanum Begonia x semperflorens – cultorum Coleus x hybridus Impatiens hybrid Pelargonium x hortorum Pelargonium peltatum Petunia hybrid spp. Salvia splendens Tagetes spp. Viola x wittrockiana Ageratum Wax begonia Coleus Impatiens Geranium Ivy leaf geranium Petunia Salvia African marigold Pansy
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