1. “Franks”  Europeans 27th November 1095 Pope Urban II (p. 1088-99) preaches the First Crusade at Clermont SaljuqsFatimids Map Link: Europe and Muslim World c. 1097: <http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/ medieval/maps/map080.jpgmedieval/maps/map080.jpg>

2. 1098-1109 Crusaders set up states at Edessa, Antioch, Jerusalem and Tripoli Map Link: The Crusader States: <http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/ medieval/maps/map012.jpgmedieval/maps/map012.jpg>

3. 15th July 1099 Crusaders take Jerusalem Kitab al-Jihad (Book of the Holy War) dictated in public by ‘ Ali ibn Tahir al-Sulami (1039-1106) 1144 ‘Imad al-Din Zangi (r. 1127-46) takes Edessa 1148 Second Crusade attacks Damascus

4. 1187 Saladin (r. 1169-93) takes Jerusalem 1189-92 Third Crusade - Richard I the Lionheart (r. 1189-99) 1291 Fall of Acre Map Link: Zangi’s Territories: <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/ Possession_of_Zengi_%281146%29.svg/2000px- Possession_of_Zengi_%281146%29.svg.pngPossession_of_Zengi_%281146%29.svg.png>

5. 1291 Fall of Acre Map Link: Mamluk Conquest of the Levantine Coast: <https://cmes.uchicago.edu/sites/cmes.uchicago.edu/files/https://cmes.uchicago.edu/sites/cmes.uchicago.edu/files/ uploads/Maps/Map%20-%20Mamluks%20conquer %20coast%201263-91.pdf%20coast%201263-91.pdf> Map Link: Mediaeval Trade Routes: <http://aulosinternet.wikispaces.com/file/view/http://aulosinternet.wikispaces.com/file/view/ map_08_Medieval_Trade_Routes.JPG/209848072/ map_08_Medieval_Trade_Routes.JPGmap_08_Medieval_Trade_Routes.JPG>

6. Role of trade Transfer of knowledge Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780-c. 850) 1143 First Latin translation of Qur’an Shared activitiesfabliaux Usama ibn Munqidh (d. 1188), Kitab al-I‘tibar (Book of Contemplation)

7. Impact of the Crusades? “This crusade, this war on terrorism, is going to take a while.” (16th Sept 2001) 19th c. First Muslim histories of Crusades Extremist rhetoric

8. Map Link: Muslim World c. 1100: http://teachislam.com/images/map4.jpg

9. Collection of Middle Eastern folk tales Earliest versions (9th c.) Hazar Afsana (Persian, 1000 Tales) and Alf Layla (Arabic, 1000 Nights) Named changed to Alf Layla wa Layla (1001 Nights), probably in 12th c. Last definitely genuine additions in 16th c. Arabian Nights/1001 Nights

10. Shahrazad, who tells unfinished stories every night to keep her husband/king from executing her! Story based on Indian folktale 1001 Nights influenced by traditions from India, Persia, Arabia, ancient Egypt, Turkish Asia Minor, Jewish diaspora, Mesopotamia and more…