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Published byPhebe Harrison Modified over 9 years ago
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Respiratory System Structures Gas Exchange Diseases
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The Respiratory System
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The Respiratory System
You breath in and out 15 times per minute With physical activity breathing increases. Why?? On average the lungs move L of air in and out of the lungs each day Responsible for providing O2 to the cells and removing CO2 from the body Works in conjunction with the circulatory system
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The Respiratory System
Made up of the: Nose (Nasal Cavity) Mouth Pharynx (Throat) Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lung Bronchioles Alveoli
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The Adams Apple!! Larynx: The larynx is the portion of the respiratory tract containing the vocal cords which produce vocal sound. It is located between the pharynx and the trachea. The Adams apple is cartilage surrounding the larynx to protect it
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The Adams Apple You can find your larynx by touching the front of your throat and humming When the larynx grows larger during puberty, it sticks out at the front of the throat. This is what's called an Adam's apple. During puberty, but a girl's larynx doesn't grow as much as a boy's. That’s why boys generally have a more prominent Adams Apple.
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The Respiratory System
Air Enters through the nose and mouth Passes through the pharynx (throat) Down the trachea Splits evenly into the 2 bronchi Splits into bronchioles Enters the Alveoli
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The Trachea The trachea (windpipe) is supported by rings of cartilage (connective tissue) Gives it a rigid feel (try it!) Keeps it open Splits into two bronchi
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Gas Exchange Main purpose of the respiratory system
Each bronchi branches until it ends in tiny air sacs called alveolus where gas exchange occurs At the lungs, O2 enters the blood stream and CO2 leaves
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Each alveolus have very thin walls and are surrounded by capillaries
In the alveoli O2 enters the blood stream and CO2 leaves
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Breathing The process of moving air into (inhalation) and out of the lungs (exhalation) Involves muscles which move the rib cage and a large sheet of muscle called the diaphragm Controlled by the amount of CO2 in the blood
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Other Animals Many animals have similar respiratory systems whose goal is to make O2 available and rid the body of CO2 Fish use gills for gas exchange The capillaries inside the gills remove the O2 from the water That is why some fish need to be continually swimming to survive Fish Gas Exchange
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Diseases of the Respiratory System
Tuberculosis (TB) Infectious disease (easily passed between people) Causes by bacteria entering your lungs Symptoms include: fever, cough, weight loss, tiredness and chest pain Can be fatal if not treated Can be diagnosed with an x-ray
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Asthma Asthma Attack Severe allergic reaction characterized by the constriction of bronchioles Less air sent to alveoli
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Emphysema Condition in which the alveoli walls deteriorate, causing the lungs to lose their gas exchange ability Can be caused by smoking
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Pneumonia Condition in which the alveoli become filled with fluid, preventing the exchange of gases
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Other Diseases of the Respiratory System
Bronchitis Inflammation of the lining of the bronchioles (branch of bronchi) Lung cancer Irregular & uncontrolled growth of tumors in the lung tissue
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Respiratory System Structural Review
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Connecting the Respiratory System, the Circulatory System and the rest of the body
Oxygen Transport from Lungs to Cells
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