2. PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT OF DISASTER: Stress

3. STRESS ? “ Just because you lost your job, all you can do now is get drunk ! At home you’re always mad with your wife and children!.” “ Oh my God, I’m so stressed! My heart is beating fast, I feel so confused, unable to sleep...In two more days I’ll be assigned to a job in Papua for 2 years. Aargh!” “ Be careful ! There’s a stress person at the end of the road. He is always laugh by himself. Better stay away from that place because he likes to throw stuff at people”

4. What is STRESS ? A situation that an individual experiences as a result of changes occurring within himself and or to his environment. Stress disrupts his balance in life, thus demanding an individual to undergo physical and psychological adjustments. Is the body’s normal and natural response to protect, defend and empower themselves. eustress vs. distress

5. TYPES OF STRESS Daily Hazzles Cumulative Stress Traumatic Stress

6. Difference with TRAUMA?? StressTrauma Does not follow a traumatic experience Follows a traumatic experience GradualAbrupt Builds overtimeHas long-term effects

7. SOURCES OF STRESS Heavy workload : “I need to plan field trips, write reports, send the budget report, purchase food for refugees.” Personal Problems: “My girlfriend won’t take my calls, mom wants me to send some money to pay for my sister’s school fees.” Bad relationship with office colleagues: “Its so frustrating that M complained about my report being unclear and said I was too talkative during my briefing.” Hm..ughh..% $???!!?*#+@

8. SOURCES OF STRESS Light – Heavy Ranges from daily events to more complex situations. Traffic jam, attend important meetings, unhealthy child, divorce, death of a family member,etc. Acute – Chronic Acute : a life threatening or drastic change. Example: shift housing, suffer from an accident. Chronic : lives under constant pressure. Example: poverty, has to take care of a handicapped child, etc.

9. Emotional Cognitive Physical Behavioral Interpersonal Spiritual

10. Emotional Reaction Shock Fear, anxious Angry Hatred Grief Guilty Embarrassed, helpless Numbness Depressed

11. Cognitive Reaction Confused Disorientation Doubtful, indecisive Worried Slower thinking process Memory problem Concentration problem Forgets easily Nightmares

12. Physical Reaction: Physical tense Gets exhausted easily Sleep disorders Headaches, muscle ache and pain Startles easily Increased heartbeat Cold sweat Nausea, migraines Lost of appetite and sexual desire

13. Behavioral Reaction Self-isolation, tries to handle too many tasks but gets nothing done, acts jittery, cries. Excessive smoking, consuming alcohol or drug abuse

14. Interpersonal Reaction Difficult to trust people Gets offended easily, very sensitive Impatient Gets involved in conflicts Becomes unapproachable/ retreats from social interaction Feels rejected / neglected Stays away from people

15. Spiritual Reaction Questions the meaning of life Feels anger towards God Questions their own belief / faith

16. Individual differences on reactions & impact of stress *** Internal factors 1.Individual characteristics (age, gender, educational level, economic status, race, etc.) 2.Has had a previous stressful experience 3.Type of personality 4.Thinking pattern *** External factors: the availability or lack of social support *** Factors regarding sources of stress