1. Logical Fallacies A logical fallacy is, roughly speaking, an error of reasoning. When someone adopts a position, or tries to persuade someone else to adopt a position, based on a bad piece of reasoning, they commit a fallacy

2. Bandwagon Fallacy committed by arguments that appeal to the growing popularity of an idea as a reason for accepting it as true. Or, Following an idea or organization because everyone else is doing it too.

6. Hasty Generalization draws a general rule from a single, perhaps atypical, case.

7. Examples: Black people are criminals Chinese people are intelligent Arabs are terrorists White people are racist Gay people are flamboyant Your American Made Car broke down and now all American cars are terrible You got bit by a dog and now all dogs bite and are mean

8. Ad Homenim or Personal Attack An argument based on the failings of an adversary rather than on the merits of the case

9. Bill: "I believe that abortion is morally wrong.” Dave: "Of course you would say that, you're a priest." Bill: "What about the arguments I gave to support my position?" Dave: "Those don't count. Like I said, you're a priest, so you have to say that abortion is wrong. Further, you are just a lackey to the Pope, so I can't believe what you say."

10. A prosecutor asks the judge to not admit the testimony of a burglar because burglars are not trustworthy. Prof. Smith says to Prof. White, "You are much too hard on your students," and Prof. White replies, "But certainly you are not the one to say so. Just last week I heard several of your students complaining."

11. Poisoning the Well in which a person attempts to place an opponent in a position from which he or she is unable to reply.

12. CITY COUNCILMAN: The Mayor's a very good talker. Yes, talk he can do... and do very well. But when it comes time for action, that's a different matter.