1. 130930May041 Why We are Changing the Army

2. 130930May042 The Strategic Context Combatant Commanders need versatile, potent land power We have 364,000 SOLDIERS overseas in 120 countries We are a nation at war This is a prolonged period of conflict for the US with great uncertainty about the nature and location of that conflict We must be able to defuse crises and/or defeat aggression early to prevent escalation, limit damage Thus, we need flexible, rapidly deployable forces and sufficient depth and strength to sustain multiple, simultaneous operations

3. 130930May043 War is the norm, peace is the exception Our adversaries seek adaptive advantage through asymmetry We have near peer competitors in niche areas Conventional Force on Force conflicts are still possible There is an enormous pool of potential combatants armed with irreconcilable ideas Our homeland is part of the battlespace We are adapting to these challenges NOW Challenges for the Current Force 3

4. 130930May044 Corps (2-5 Divisions) Corps (2-5 Divisions) Army (2-5 Corps) Brigade (3 or more Battalions) Squad (2-4 Teams) Platoon (3-4 Squads) Company (3-5 Platoons) Battalion (3-5 Companies) Brigade (3 or more Battalions) Brigade (3 or more Battalions) Division (3 Maneuver Brigades) COMMAND LEVEL LIEUTENANT GENERAL MAJOR GENERAL COLONEL GENERAL LIEUTENANT COLONEL CAPTAIN LIEUTENANT STAFF SERGEANT Third Army Eighth Army I Corps III Corps V Corps XVIII Corps 10 Active Divisions 2 Integrated Divisions 8 ARNG Divisions 10,000-18,000 Soldiers 400-1,000 Soldiers 60-200 Soldiers 16-50 Soldiers 3,000-5,000 Soldiers 4-12 Soldiers 100,000-300,000 Soldiers 40,000-100,000 Soldiers The Army Today Additional Unit Types: Armored Cavalry Regiment Separate Brigade Aviation Brigade Corps Artillery Military Intelligence Brigade Air Defense Artillery Brigade Engineer Brigade Signal Brigade Chemical Brigade Military Police Brigade Special Forces Group Ranger Regiment Special Operations Aviation Regiment Civil Affairs Brigade Corps Support Command Medical Brigade Personnel Group Finance Group Transportation Group Quartermaster Group Explosive Ordnance Group Psychological Operations Group

5. 130930May045 What the Current Force Looks Like The Army Division = traditional building block But… Optimized for major land campaigns against similarly organized forces Large, fixed organizations with interconnected parts Requires extensive reorganization to create force packages Limits Regional Combatant Commander’s ability to mix and match packaged capabilities for multiple missions Limited Joint capabilities We’re good, but we can be better… = ~15,000 Soldiers & Equipment (typically over 20,000 when deployed) DIVISION XX

6. 130930May046 Clear Need for Change We need to generate more versatile combat power because… We have extended worldwide commitments We will remain at war for the foreseeable future We must be more responsive to Combatant Commanders’ needs A Campaign Quality Army with Joint and Expeditionary Capabilities

7. 130930May047 How to Change We must create units that are more relevant to Regional Combatant Commanders and generate versatile combat power with units that are… More self-contained, sustainable, lethal force packages Organized with capabilities for the full range of missions Truly joint interdependent – a trained and ready member of the joint force Comprised of adaptive, competent, and confident Soldiers and leaders A Campaign Quality Army with Joint and Expeditionary Capabilities

8. 130930May048 From Division to Brigade - Centric FROM: An Army based around large, powerful, fixed organizations XX Division TO: An Army designed around smaller, more self-contained organizations... and modular multi-functional Support Brigades X Brigade Combined Arms Armed Recon Combined Arms FiresIntelligenceEngineer MP/Security Signal Logistics MP/Security Chemical Aviation FiresSustainment RSTA MNVR EN Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition Maneuver Enhancement Field Artillery Military Police Intelligence Engineers Chemical Division Troops Aviation Mechanized Brigade Logistics Support Division Cav (Recon) Signal Armor Brigade A More Ready and Relevant Force

9. 130930May049 Supporting brigades with standard headquarters, but variable subordinate units X Maneuver Enhancement Standard maneuver brigades with organic combined arms capabilities X Stryker FCS X Future Heavy X With Brigades as Building Blocks X Reconnaissance, Surveillance, Target Acquisition X Aviation X Fires X Sustainment SUST X Infantry (Less than 4,000 Soldiers in each Brigade)

10. 130930May0410 Tailored Land Forces for Regional Combatant Commanders 4 3 2 1 Employing the Army in the Joint Force UEx UEy Units Available Headquarter(s) & Command Posts + +A Commander HeavyInfantryRSTAFires AviationSustainmentManeuver Enhancement SOF Spec Op Forces Multi- national Multi-national Joint/Other Service Assets Joint/Other Assets

11. 130930May0411 Units not tied to division base. Simultaneous deployment from multiple power projection platforms. Units not tied to division base. Simultaneous deployment from multiple power projection platforms. Projecting the Army Worldwide Basing supports a campaign quality Army with joint and expeditionary capabilities. Power projection platforms provide full range of support for responsive deployment, employment and sustainment of forces. Basing supports a campaign quality Army with joint and expeditionary capabilities. Power projection platforms provide full range of support for responsive deployment, employment and sustainment of forces. CY

12. 130930May0412 We Call This Approach Modularity Modularity is packaging units into flexible configurations Modular units are rapidly deployable, responsive, agile, tailorable and discrete packages of land force combat power

13. 130930May0413 FY04FY05 We are Converting the Army Now Common organizational designs for Active and Reserve Active Component Build Active Component Reorganize Reserve Component Reorganize FY06FY07FY08FY09FY10 Total: 77-82 Maneuver Brigades 33 Brigades 10 - 15 Brigades 34 Brigades

14. 130930May0414 Everything we do is designed to support the Soldier A heritage of fighting and winning our Nation’s Wars Traditions reflected in our unit’s lineage and honors The Soldier is the Centerpiece of All Our Units What Isn’t Changing 14

15. 130930May0415 Conclusion We are adapting to the current and projected operational environment We are creating modular brigades and command and control headquarters to better meet Combatant Commanders’ requirements Modularity is the foundation for building a Campaign Quality Army with Joint and Expeditionary capabilities

16. 130930May0416 Why We are Changing the Army Back Up Slides

17. 130930May0417 Briefing Coordination John McDonald John Gingrich BG Ralston LTG(R) Jordan EOH Stratcoms (Patti Benner & staff) OCLL (staff) SecArmy speechwriter OFT (staff) G-3 Army Transformation Office (staff) TRADOC CPG and Stratcoms TF Modularity Congressional Staff SASC Maren Leed SAC-D Betsy Schmidt SAC-D Nicole Diresta

18. 130930May0418 Impact New organizations and warfighting concepts + Stabilized combat and support forces + Rebalanced Active and Reserve force mix + Adaptive, competent, and confident Soldiers and leaders = Immediately ready forces for uncertainty of the early 21 st century

19. 130930May0419 Transforming Over Time FRONTIER ARMY ARMY OF EXPANSION COLD WAR ARMY WARFIGHTING ARMY IN THE “WAR TO END ALL WARS” WARFIGHTING ARMY WW II & Korea HEMISPHERIC DEFENSE (ISOLATIONISM) CONSTABULARY MISSION ?

20. 130930May0420 Restructuring Today’s Army Modularity: creating brigade sized building blocks of combat power Stabilization: creating more cohesive and capable units and providing predictability to Soldiers by extending the length of assignments Rebalancing: adjusting the types and mix of AC and RC units To produce more combat power for Combatant Commanders

21. 130930May0421 ll xx xx DIV xx DIV xx ll xxx xxxxxx xxxxx Engineer Brigade SPT MI InfantryArmorArtillerySustainmentAviationEngineers Air Defense Intelligence Support Brigade Aviation Brigade Artillery Brigade Maneuver Brigade No joint assets XX but Brigade Combat Team Infantry Armor Artillery Engineers Intelligence Sustainment The Task Organization Challenge Current Division Powerful organization Great utility in major campaigns To Create Brigade Combat Team Break apart division leaving incomplete residual behind Activate Reserves to support deploying brigade task forces Reorganize less flexible structure

22. 130930May0422 Missions Joint – Campaign Level –Integrates the military instrument with other instruments of national power –Integrates all elements of the joint force. Current Organization Army Corps Division Brigade/Regiment/Group Battalion/Squadron Company/Battery/Troop Platoon Squad/Section Fire Team/Crew Soldier Army Fighting Forces 100K+ 70K+ 15 -17K 1.5K 600 100-150 30-50 10-12 4-6 1 Soldiers Tactical – Engagements –Close Combat. –Generates specific effects / outcomes within the AO. Tactical – Battles –Puts together complementary and reinforcing capabilities with engagements to achieve military conditions within a specified Area of Operations (AO). Operational – Major Land Operations –Plan and execute major land operations. –Orchestrates Joint, Interagency & MN operations. –Execute Administrative Control and Army Support to Other Services.

23. 130930May0423 Mission Category 1 Offensive, Defensive, and Security Missions in open or mixed terrain Against either regular or irregular forces Premium on mobile protected firepower balanced with dismounted infantry Versatile and Complementary Capabilities Mission Category 2 Offensive, Defensive, and Security Missions in or near urban terrain against either regular or irregular forces When in Forced Entry or Early Entry context, premium is on C-130 transportability and wheeled mobility Premium is on infantry strength and mechanical transport Mobile protected firepower is an asset Mission Category 3 Offensive and Defensive Missions in close terrain (mountains, jungle, forests) against either regular or irregular forces Premium is on infiltration by foot and air assault mobility Infantry Brigade Unit of Action Stryker Brigade Heavy Brigade Unit of Action Heavy Bdes (Armor, Mechanized, Armored Cavalry) Heavy Bdes (Armor, Mechanized, Armored Cavalry) Light Bdes (Airborne; Air Assault; Light; Light Cavalry) Light Bdes (Airborne; Air Assault; Light; Light Cavalry) Past Modular

24. 130930May0424 Modularity and The Army’s Need to Change Modularity: Provides capabilities-based units at the Brigade level to Regional Combatant Commanders with responsive, fully mission- Capable combat and support organizations that operate in a Joint, Combined or Multi-National environment. Why Change: Provides greater capacity for rapid and tailorable force capability packages Improves strategic responsiveness for full spectrum operations Offers: Embedded Joint capabilities and connectivity Organic staff precluding augmentation Interdependent Joint communications, ISR, and fires Deployable, separable Command Posts Organizations capable of C2 and/or support of Joint and multi-national forces

25. 130930May0425 The Army, as well as each service, are indispensable, and vital components of the Joint Team The Army will always conduct operations—offensive, defensive, stability, and support—in a joint and expeditionary context Prompt, sustained, and decisive land combat power acts in concert with air and naval power to ensure a synergy that gives the Joint Force capabilities and power well beyond the sum of its parts In a few short years, the Joint Force has moved from independent, de-conflicted operations to sustained interoperability The Joint Force must now move rapidly to joint interdependence Joint Interdependence