1. PSYC-314 Practice Questions

2. Chapter 9 1.The experimental design is the general _______ of the experiment 2. In ________ designs, each subject takes part in only one condition of the experiment. 3. From a statistical standpoint, an experiment has less power to detect effects with _________ samples.

3. Chapter 9 4. Even if a researcher cannot use random selection, he or she must use random _________ to treatment conditions. 5. Very often, control conditions involve carefully arranging for conditions that ____________ for what control group subjects are doing. 6. A between-subjects experiment to test whether highly violent music videos would produce more aggressiveness than music videos with low violence would use a ________ design.

4. Chapter 9 7.When random assignment is successful, the treatment groups are said to be ______; although they are not identical. 8.When researchers are worried that random assignment might not result in groups that are comparable on an important extraneous variable that might produce confounding, they sometimes use______ procedures.

5. Chapter 9 9.______ matching is more commonly used than ______ matching. 10.When independent groups are used, we must combine, or ________, the data from each group and compare group averages. 11.Matching is more useful when the number of subjects is__________.

6. Chapter 9 12. When more than two treatment conditions are needed to make a good test of the hypothesis, researchers can use a _________design. 13. When randomly assigning subjects to several treatment conditions researchers can use the random numbers table or the procedure called ______________.

7. Chapter 9 14.Because different values of the same ______ variable can produce different effects, researchers often test more than two levels of an _______ variable. 15.The three distances used in Lassen’s experiment were dictated by _______.

8. Chapter 9 16.When selecting levels of an independent variable, they should be extreme enough to bring out differences; however, they also should be__________. 17.A mini-experiment to test the appropriateness of the selected levels is called a __________.

9. Answers to Chapter 9 1.structure; content (253) 2.between-subjects (253) 3.smaller (257) 4.assignment (259) 5.control (260) 6.two experimental groups (263) 7.equivalent (266) 8.matching (269) 9.range; precision (271)

10. Answers to Chapter 9 10. pool (272) 11. small (272) 12. multiple groups (273) 13. block randomization (274) 14. independent; independent (276) 15. prior research (277) 16. realistic (279) 17. pilot study (279)

11. Chapter 10 1. Which of the following is the most important advantage of using a factorial design? a.It is more efficient b.It tests for the presence of interactions c.It uses fewer subjects d.It tests for the separate effects of each factor

12. Chapter 10 2. In a factorial experiment, there are as many main effects as ________. a.Factors b.Variables c.Interactions d.Levels

13. Chapter 10 3. There are ___ groups (cells or conditions) in a 3 x 4 factorial design experiment. a.2 b.7 c.12 d.24

14. Chapter 10 4. A design matrix of a 2 x 2 experiment would have ____ factors. a.2 b.4 c.8 d.12

15. Chapter 10 5. Describing an experiment that tests the factors “type of name” and “name length” as a 2 x 2 design is an example of ________. a.a design matrix b.shorthand notation c.the factor and levels method d.The factor labeling method

16. Chapter 10 6. In a 2 x 3 x 2 experiment, there are ________ factors. a.2 b.3 c.7 d.12 How many treatment conditions?

17. Chapter 10 7. In a 2 x 2 experiement, when the group differences for the 1 st factor are reversed (opposite to each other) at each level of the 2 nd factor, a ________ is present. a.main effect b.main effect and an interaction c.crossover interaction d.divergent interaction

18. Chapter 10 8. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons given for keeping factorial designs simple? a.More factors mean more time is needed to run the experiment b.Higher-order interactions are very difficult to explain c.Complex designs take more time to analyze with statistics d.The more complex the design, the more extraneous variables you will need to control

19. Chapter 10 9. When interpreting a significant interaction in a 2 x 2 experiment, the researcher should focus on the _____ means. a.cell b.group c.marginal d.both A and B How about when interpreting a significant main effect?

20. Chapter 10 10. When interpreting a line graph depicting the results of a 2 x 2 experiment, parallel lines indicate ________. a.a non-significant interaction b.a significant interaction c.a non-significant main effect d.a significant main effect What if the lines are Not parallel?