1. Chapter 1

2. Overview 1.What is GIS? 2.Five components of GIS 3.History of GIS 4.GIS web sites 5.Most points in this chapter

3. GIS is collection, entry, processing and analysis, display, and output of geographic information and metadata for specific purposes. Definition of GIS

4. Five components of the GIS: 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4. People 5. Procedures 6. Network

5. History of GIS Geographic information systems began in Canada in 1964 by Roger Tomlinson. During the seventies, the number of companies specializing in GIS software. It was in the eighties an increase in private companies for geographic information systems, with the decrease in the prices of computers and software. In the nineties, was a major development in the software and the possibility of one program to do the work in the past need to more than one program and the evolution of computers. Began in the third millennium, the use of multimedia and the Internet and the coming period would witness a revolution in the use of moving maps, thanks to the significant improvement in hand-held computers ((Palm PC, Internet, Wireless (WAP).

6. Sites offering web-based education and training programs in GIS www.esris.com www.worldcampus.psu.edu www.unigis.org www.bbk.ac.uk/geog/study/msc_gis c_dl.html www.bbk.ac.uk/geog/study/msc_gis c_dl.html

7. The most points in this chapter All most everything that happen, happen somewhere knowing where something happens is critically important Scale or level of geographic detail is an essential property of any GIS project> With a single collection of tool, GIS a able to bridge the gap between curiosity- driven science and practical problem –solving. Knowledge about how the word work is more valuable than knowledge about how it look because such knowledge can be used to project.

8. GIS solve ancient problem of combining general scientific knowledge with specific information and give practical value to both. Many geographic problem involve multiple goals and objective,which often can not be expressed in commensurate terms. The first GIS was Canada Geographic information system,designed in the mid- 1960 as computerized map measuring system.

9. Early GIS developer recognized that the same basic need were present in many different application area,form resource management to the census. Many technical development in GIS organized in to Cold War The modern history of GIS from the early 1980,when the price of sufficiently powerful computers fell bellow a critical threshold Today single GIS vendor offers many different products for distant application.. The use of www to access to maps dates form1993.

10. The internet is increasingly is integrated into many aspects of GIS use, and the days of standalone is are mostly over. GIS database an rang in size form a megabyte to several petabytes. The GIS software industry account for about 1 billion annual sales. In value of annual sales,the GIS data industry is much signification than the software industry GIS vices are rapidly growing from of electronic commerce..