1. WWII: Road to War “I have seen war. I have seen war on land and sea. I have seen blood running from the wounded. I have seen men coughing out their gassed lungs. I have seen the dead in the mud. I have seen cities destroyed. I have seen two- hundred limping, exhausted men come out of line-the survivors of a regiment of of one thousand that went forward forty-eight hours before. I have seen children starving. I have seen the agony of mothers and wives. I hate war.” Franklin D. Roosevelt

2. Rise of the Dictators: Stalin, Mussolini, & Hitler

3. Stalin Russia Comes to power after the death of Lenin

4. Economic Plans 1. Modernize agriculture 2. Rapid Industrialization

5. Consequences 1. Peasants forced off land 2. Took food produced 3. Starvation & food shortages 4. Labor camps 5. Standard of living reduced

6. Reign of Terror 1. Begins purges to “purify” Communist party 2. “Show trials” 3. Eliminates threats to his power

7. Mussolini (Italy) “IL Duce”

8. Forms Fascist Party 1. Consists of war veterans, Socialists, & anarchists 2. “Blackshirts” terrorize opposition 3. Establishes dictatorship

9. Adolph Hitler (Germany)

10. Rise to Power 1. Joins Nazi Party 2. Becomes chancellor 3. President dies & he takes over

11. Actions 1. Writes “Mein Kampf” outlines his plans 2. Suspends freedom of speech & press 3. Rearms & expands military 4. Begins expanding into Austria & Czechoslovakia

12. Paragraph w/ complete sentences!!! Explain the conditions in Europe that led to the rise in power of Hitler, Mussolini, and Stalin.

13. Europe Goes to War Appeasement Abandoned

14. Poland Invasion A.Britain & France pledge support B. Hitler & Stalin sign 10-yr. Nonaggression Pact C. Germans use blitzkrieg tactic

15. War in the West A. France's Maginot Line B. Germany invades France: splitting the French army

16. Explain the “Policy of Appeasement” using specific dates and details. What was the result of this policy? Why was it abandoned?

17. Dunkirk: Greatest rescue in history of warfare 1. Fled in tugboats, yachts, & other small craft 2. 900 vessels carried 340,000 soldiers

18. Fall of France 1. Govt. abandons Paris 2. Britain & France stunned 3. Germany occupies northern 3/5ths of France 4. Resistance led by Charles de Gaulle

19. Battle of Britain A. English Channel plays key role B. Germany uses Luftwaffe to control air war 1. 1,000 planes bomb Britain 2. Begins targeting civilian locations

20. Japan Builds an Empire

21. Growing Military Power A. Economy prospers from WWI B. Sign international agreements for peace C. Recession & depression rock democracy D. Radical nationalist groups form

22. Manchurian Incident A. Japan lacks land & raw materials B. Army seizes all of Manchuria C. Becomes puppet state D. Increases army's power over govt.

23. War Against China A. Forces terrorize China B. Soviet Union backs China

24. Japan allies itself w/ Germany & Italy

25. Isolationism to War

26. Neutrality A. Focus on domestic issues 1. Depression B. Neutrality Acts 1. banned providing weapons 2. banned loans 3. permitted trade of non-military goods

27. Involvement Grows A. Economy begins to recover B. Germany & Japan become more aggressive C. Repeals part of Neutrality Acts 1. provides weapons 2. sent 50 destroyers to Britain

28. Lend-Lease Act 1. Provide war supplies w/o payment 2. Aid any nation whose security is vital to U.S. 3. $49 billion to 40 nations

29. Pearl Harbor A. U.S puts trade restrictions on Japan B. Expected attack-didn't know where

30. The Attack December 7, 1941 1. 180 Japanese warplanes strike 2. Half of U.S. Pacific Fleet at anchor 3. 2,400 killed; 1,200 wounded 4. 200 ships damaged/destroyed

31. U.S. Declares War Congress passes war resolution Yesterday, December 7, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy – the United States of America Was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.