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Published byDwayne Hoover Modified over 9 years ago
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Galucoma The most of important factor which cause rise of intraocular pressure is obstruction to the drainage of the aqueous humor
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Infantile Glaucoma(Buphthalmos) Incidence : i. Age : present since birth, symptoms may manifest within 1-3 years of life. ii. Sex : Boys > Girls iii. It’s usually bilateral Symptoms : 1- Lacrimation 2- Photophobia 3- DV 4- enlargement of the cornea
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Signs : 1- enlargement of the eyeball 2- corneal oedema 3- deep anterior chamber 4- Lens is flattened and displaced backward 5- Sclera becomes thin and bluish Diagnosis : 1- Raised intraocular pressure 2- Measurement of corneal diameter 3- Fundus examination 4- Gonioscopy
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Open Angle Glaucoma
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Central Visual Field Defects
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Peripheral Field Defects
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Treatment
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Surgical treatment ( Trabeculectomy ) Argon or Diode Laser Trabeculoplasty
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Acute congestive glaucoma
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Closed Angle Glaucoma condition which the intraocular tension is raised due to the narrow or closed angle of the anterior chamber. Etiology -genetic base- 1- small eyes 2- anatomically narrow angle 3- shallow A/C 4- iris is pushed forward Incidence 1- Age : 5 th to 6 th decade 2- Sex : Women more effected 3- Bilateral but one’s eye is evolved first
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Symptoms : 1- sudden onset & intense unbearable pain 2- Severe headache, nausea, & vomiting 3- marked deminshition of vision 4- redness, lacrimation, & photophobia Signs : 1- chemosis 2- cilliary congestion 3- Cornea is cloudy 4- A/C very shallow 5- iris discolored, Atrophic patches 6- pupil is dilated and vertically oval 7- Glaucoma flakens (Psudu xexophalations ) 8- markedly raised intocular pressure 9- fundus examn – difficult to see ( no cupping ) 10- Gonioscopy narrow angle of A/C 11- the other eye has shallow A/C and narrow angle
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Treatment : initial treatment is always medical & after controlling of IOP surgical peripheral iridectomy or laser iridotomy.
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Absolute Glaucoma the eye is completely blind with markedly increased IOP Treatment : 1- trabeculectomy 2- Cyclodialysis 3- Cyclocryopexy 4- to relive pain by retro bulbar alcohol injection
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