1. Kingdom Plantae Reproduction

2. General Characteristics o Eukaryotic o Multicellular o Autotrophic

3. Plant Classification

4. Vascular vs Nonvascular o Have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) o Include the flowering plants (angiosperms) and cone bearing plants (gymnosperms) o Do not have vascular tissue o Do not grow very tall o Must live in wet/moist habitats

5. Photo-Moss

6. Photos-Liverworts

7. Photos-ferns, clubmoss, horsetails

8. Angiosperms Gymnosperms o Flowering plants o Ex) maples, roses, daffodils, poinsettias, grasses o Are broken up further into monocots and dicots o Cone bearing plants o Ex) firs, pines, hemlock, spruce

9. Angiosperm photos

10. Gymnosperm photos

11. Ch 10 Review-asexual reproduction in plants o Natural o Corms o Tubers o Runners o Bulbs o rhizomes o Artificial o Layering o Cutting o Grafting

12. Sexual reproduction in plants involves flowers and cones! o Gymnosperms do not form flowers o Most gymnosperms are conifers such as pines and spruce o Seeds are produced on the scales of their reproductive structures- the cone o Angiosperms are flowering plants o The flower is a sex organ! o Seeds are produced and enclosed in a fruit

13. Define these terms: o Petals o Stamens o Anther o Stigma o Ovary o Sepals o Calyx o Corolla o Filament o Pistil o Style o Fruit

14. Label this flower:

15. Attracting Pollinators o Pollination-the transfer of pollen from the anthers to the stigma Self-pollination-transfer occurs on the same plant Cross-pollination-transfer occurs between 2 different plants

16. Pollinators o 1) Wind-flowers not very showy o 2) Insects, birds, bats-attracted by colorful flowers and attractive scents, sometimes the plant rewards these pollinators with nectar ( a sugary liquid)

17. Fruits and Seeds o After fertilization… o Ovules become seeds o Ovaries become fruit (for the protection and dispersal of seeds)

18. Seeds=ripened ovules o 3 parts o 1) seed coat-protective outer covering o 2) embryo-develops by mitosis after fertilization o 3) endosperm-food storage

19. Seed dispersal-in order for a plant species to survive it must effectively disperse its seeds o Some adaptations: o Lightweight seeds have attachments so they can be carried by the wind o Some float in water o Burs or hooks that get stuck to mammals fur and carried off o Sweet fleshy fruits eaten by animals so the seeds will be carried elsewhere o Pressure inside the ovary causing seed pod to explode

20. Dormancy o -the ability of a seed to slow its growth or stop it altogether until conditions are favorable

21. Cotyledons o -the seed leaf, all angiosperm embryos have at least one o Sometimes it also functions as food storage like the endosperm

22. Monocot vs Dicot o Have only 1 cotyledon o Leaves have parallel veins o Flower parts are in 3’s o Vascular tissue in the stems are in scattered bundles o Have 2 cotyledons o Leaves have net like veins o Flower parts are in 4’s or 5’s o Vascular tissue bundles form a ring in the stem

23. Monocot vs. Dicot