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Botany Boot Camp Docent Training Class Liz Woodward
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Five Kingdoms of Living Organisms
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Taxonomy The Classification of Plants and Other Living Organisms Division/Phylum Class Order (-ales) Family (-aceae) Genus Species Carl Linnaeus 1707-1778
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Botanical Names Fear and Loathing in the Horticulture World Mispronunciation Latin and Greek roots Precise & understood worldwide Common names are inaccurate Speak to your audience
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Rosmarinus officinalis ‘Tuscan Blue’ KingdomPlantae (Plant) DivisionMagnoliophyta (Flowering Plant) ClassMagnoliopsida (Dicotyledon) OrderLamiales FamilyLamiaceae (Mint Family) GenusRosmarinus (Rosemary) Speciesofficinalis (of official/medicinal use) CultivarTuscan Blue Tuscan Rosemary
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How to read a QBG Accession Tag First line: accession number e.g. 93.0298P, 00.0001, 2000.0024S Remaining lines: Taxon Additional nomenclature: x=hybrid, cv.=cultivar, sp.=species, cf=confers Identification/Caption Label have more interpretive information such as botanical information, ecological relationships, uses and conservation information.
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Organic Evolution Natural Selection Survival of the Fittest Convergent Evolution Genetics Charles Darwin 1809-1882
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The Flowering Plant Over 250,000 known species All have flowers (inconspicuous/conspicuous) Reproduce from seed
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Plant Structur e
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Roots Generally underground Anchor the plant and hold it in place Absorb water and minerals & send upwards Storage (sometimes) Transport system: xylem and phloem
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Stems Primary support structure Generally above ground Underground stems (tubers) Woody or herbaceous Bear leaves and flowers May provide storage and photosynthesis Grow upward toward light
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Leaves Photosynthesis (food making) Other functions: store water, protection, attract pollinators Typical leaf has 2 main parts: petiole & lamina Simple/compound leaves Various leaf shapes Leaf arrangements (opposite, alternate, whorled)
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Flowers
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Pollination & Fertilization Transfer of pollen from stamen to pistil - depends on external agent (wind, insect, birds) Fusion of male and female nuclei Self pollination vs. cross pollination Colors, scents and adaptations
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Fruits Diverse in size, shape, texture and seeds Fleshy & edible Dry fruits
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Seeds Self complete reproductive unit 3 parts: seed coat, embryo & food Dormant until external conditions are right to germinate & sprout Seed adaptations
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Plant Families
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Fabaceae - Pea Family
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Pea Family Members
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Nitrogen fixing roots
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Lamiaceae - Mint Family
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Mint Family Members Thyme, Oregano, Marjoram, Basil, Rosemary, Sage, Savory, Mint, Lavender
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Rosaceae - Rose Family
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Rose Family Members
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California Natives: Catalina Ironwood, Chamise, Rosa californica
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Asteraceae - Daisy Family
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Daisy Family Members
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Solanaceae - Nightshade Family
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Solanaceae contain narcotic alkaloids
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Nightshade Fruits
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Euphorbiaceae - Spurge Family
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Pointsettia Euphorbia pulcherima
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Candelabra Tree Euphorbia ingens
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Spurge Family Members Snow Bush, Castor Bean, Tapioca, Caribbean Copper Plant, Pencil Tree
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2 Classes of Flowering Plants
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Poaceae - Grass Family
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Economic importance for wheat, rice, corn, oats, barley, millet, rye. Also sugar cane & sorghum.
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Grass Family Members
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Role of Plants Reduce carbon dioxide and increase oxygen Plants produce everything we eat Shelter, warmth, clothing, transportation, fuel,medicine, paper
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The Future for Plants Endangered species Botanical Gardens Selective Breeding Genetically modified crops Valuable diversity
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