1. 1. Take Any data you need to. 2. Clean up Experiment. Everything can go in garbage or down sink Everything can go in garbage or down sink Clean test tubes with test tube brush. Clean test tubes with test tube brush. Return stoppers and rack. Return stoppers and rack. Data Analysis\Conclusion Questions 3. Do you think the mystery item is alive or dead? How do you know? 4. Do you think your experiment was controlled why or why not? 5. What would you change next time?

2. What did you eat for breakfast? Do you know if it contained carbs, lipids, or protein? Do you know if it contained carbs, lipids, or protein?

3. What are you composed of? What composes food? ORGANIC MOLECULES! Glucose: Friend or foe?

4. Macromolecules Means literally “giant molecules” Formed by polymerization When large molecules are built by joining smaller ones together 4 main types Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids proteins

5. Carbohydrates Have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms Have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms In a 1:2:1 ratio In a 1:2:1 ratio Main source of energy for living things Main source of energy for living things  Glucose used in respiration to make ATP Examples: Examples: Starch and sugars Starch and sugars Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 )

6. Uses of Carbohydrates Storage: glucose forms long chains to be stored as starch (in plants) and glycogen (in animals) for later nutrition Storage: glucose forms long chains to be stored as starch (in plants) and glycogen (in animals) for later nutrition Structure: Structure: - glucose forms long chains of cellulose found in plant cell walls - glucose also main part of chitin molecule found in insect exoskeletons

7. Lipids Fats, steroids, phospholipids, waxes Used to store energy or build membranes All are hydrophobic (don’t like water)

8. More about Lipids: Fats Saturated fats are covered in hydrogen atoms (Have many bonds-more than unsaturated) Take more energy to break down. Saturated fats are covered in hydrogen atoms (Have many bonds-more than unsaturated) Take more energy to break down. Unsaturated fats have one or more double- bonded carbons, making them kinked Unsaturated fats have one or more double- bonded carbons, making them kinked Kinked fat molecules Kinked fat molecules cannot pack together cannot pack together and clog arteries and clog arteries as well! as well!

9. Nucleic acids Link together to form DNA and RNA! (Genetic Code) Link together to form DNA and RNA! (Genetic Code) Transmit heredity Transmit heredity Made mostly of Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil molecules Made mostly of Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil molecules

10. Proteins Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen Made of small molecules called amino acids There are 20 types of amino acids, which link together to make a protein Side Chain Amino Group Carboxyl Group

11. Function of Proteins Transport of substances Transport of substances Sending signals between cells Sending signals between cells Cell movement Cell movement Defense against foreign invaders Defense against foreign invaders Structural Support Structural Support And much, much, more! And much, much, more!

12. All of these macromolecules combine to make you the exquisite person you are today! Can you name all four macromolecules?

13. What are the “elements” of known foods and our unknown food? Purpose: To determine the common elements in common foods and the elements in an unknown Purpose: To determine the common elements in common foods and the elements in an unknown Procedure: Test for the presence of each macromolecule by following the directions from the procedure Procedure: Test for the presence of each macromolecule by following the directions from the procedure

14. Data: Title