1. Matter - Interactions

2. Vocabulary 1
Element – a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
Compound – a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined

3. Vocabulary 1
Subscript – a number written below and to the right of a chemical symbol in a formula
Superscript – a number written above and to the right of a symbol to show charge of an ion
Coefficient – a number placed in front of a compound to show how many of them there are

4. Vocabulary 1
Chemical change – a change that occurs when one or more substances are changed entirely into new substances with different properties – not reversible
Physical change – a change of state, but not composition

5. Basic Building Blocks:
Element: pure substance made of only one kind of atom – not separable
Compound: substance that is made of two or more elements that are chemically bonded – can be separated by chemical means only.

6. Basic Building Blocks:
Heterogeneous Mixture- physical blend of two or more substances that are not uniform
Homogeneous mixture – a physical blend of two or more substances that have the same composition
Called a solution

7. Vocabulary #2
Organic compounds – compounds containing carbon (part of all living things)
Inorganic compounds – all other compounds not containing carbon
Chemical reaction - the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances

8. Vocabulary 2
Endothermic – the term used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is absorbed.
Exothermic – the term used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is given off.
Precipitate – a solid formed in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction

9. Law of Conservation of Mass
Mass is neither destroyed nor created during ordinary chemical reactions or physical changes
pure chemical compound has a fixed proportion of elements

10. Matter Has both physical and chemical properties
Physical property: characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity
melting point
boiling point
color of an apple
phase change: IceWatervapor(steam)

11. What are Physical Properties and Changes?
Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter.

12. What are Physical Properties and Changes?
Physical properties include: appearance, texture, color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, specific heat, and many others.

13. Ex: grinding, cutting, boiling
Physical change
Changes in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
Ex: grinding, cutting, boiling

14. EX: combustion - charcoal (carbon) burns in air CO2 Iron rust
Chemical Property
Substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into a different substance
EX: combustion - charcoal (carbon) burns in air CO2
Iron rust

15. One or more substances are converted into a different substance
Chemical change
One or more substances are converted into a different substance
When chemical or physical changes occur, Energy (E) is always involved.

16. What is a Chemical Change?
alters the composition of the original matter.
Different elements or compounds are present at the end of the chemical change.
The atoms in compounds are rearranged to make new and different compounds.

17. 5 Signs of a Chemical Change
Color Changes

18. 5 Signs of a Chemical Change
Odor Changes
When you smell an odd order in foods such as chicken, pork of mayonnaise, you know that the food has undergone a chemical change.

19. 5 Signs of a Chemical Change
Temperature Changes
Another sign of a chemical change is the release or gain of energy by an object. Energy can be released during a reaction, resulting in heat or light. Energy can be absorbed during chemical changes creating a decrease in temperature, like with this cold pack.

20. 5 Signs of a Chemical Change
Production of Gases
The formation of a gas is  a clue to chemical changes.  The bubbles of gas that you observed form when an antacid is dropped into water is an example of change.

21. 5 Signs of a Chemical Change
Production of Solid
Another clue that a chemical change has occurred is the formation of a solid.  A solid that separates out of solution during a chemical change is called a precipitate. This curdled milk has precipitates inside.