1. Myers’ EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Ed) Therapy

2. History of Treatment

3. Therapy  ___________________  an emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

4. Therapy  Single Orientation Approach  An approach to psychotherapy that uses a single theoretical framework, or paradigm by which therapy is performed.  ______________ Approach  an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

5. Theories in Psycho-therapy  Psychoanalysis  Humanistic Therapy  Behavioral Therapy  Cognitive Therapy  ______________ Therapy  Post-Modern Therapy  Solution Focused Therapy

6. Therapy- Psychoanalysis  ______________________  Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences – and the therapist’s interpretations of them – released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight  use has rapidly decreased in recent years

7. Therapy- Psychoanalysis  Defense Mechanisms  A psychological/behavioral strategy that aims to protect oneself from psychological harm  See Handout  Interpretation  the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors in order to promote insight  ________________________  the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships  e.g. love or hatred for a parent

8. Humanistic Therapy  Client-Centered Therapy  humanistic therapy developed by ________________  therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth  his techniques are incorporated into almost all forms of therapy today

9. Humanistic Therapy  _________ Listening-empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies

10. Behavior Therapy  Behavior Therapy  therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors  Counterconditioning  procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors  based on classical conditioning  includes systematic desensitization

11. Behavior Therapy  Exposure Therapy  treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or reality) to the things they fear and avoid

12. Behavior Therapy  Systematic Desensitization  type of counterconditioning  associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli  commonly used to treat ______________

13. Behavior Therapy  Systematic Desensitization

14. Behavior Therapy  _____________ Economy  an operant conditioning procedure that rewards desired behavior  patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned for exhibiting the desired behavior, for various privileges or treats  Sticker charts  Happy face charts

15. Behavior Therapy

16. The Big Question WWhat come first thinking or feeling?

17. Cognitive Therapy  teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting  based on the assumption that ___________ intervene between events and our ____________ Aaron Beck & Albert Ellis

18. Cognitive Therapy  A cognitive perspective on psychological disorders

19. Cognitive Therapy zEvent yImagine that you and your partner have gone out to dinner. You have a wonderful romantic dinner at a fancy French restaurant. As your partner reaches into their wallet or purse, they accidentally drop a small piece of paper on the floor. You pick up the paper and it reads y“Call Me- I need to see you tonight- Terri 555-5555”

20. Family Therapies  Family Therapy  treats the family as a ___________  views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members  attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

21. Post Modern Therapy  New approaches to treating problems  Solution Focused Therapy  Focus on solutions, not problems  There is no “digging” for explanations  Therapist focuses on client’s __________ and _________________  Therapist does not take an expert stance  Focus language away from problem saturated talk  VIDEO

22. Evaluating Psychotherapies Poor outcome Good outcome Average untreated person Average psychotherapy client Number of persons _____________ of untreated people have poorer outcomes than average treated person

23. Who do you turn to for help?  To whom do people turn for help for psychological difficulties?

24. Mental Health Professionals  Clinical __________________  Most are psychologists with a Ph.D. or a PsyD and expertise in research, assessment, and therapy, supplemented by a supervised internship  About half work in agencies and institutions, half in private practice

25. Mental Health Professionals  Clinical Social Worker  A two-year Master of Social Work graduate program plus postgraduate supervision prepares some social workers to offer psychotherapy, mostly to people with everyday personal and family problems

26. Mental Health Professionals  Therapists and Counselors  Marriage and family therapist specialize in problems arising from family relations  Pastoral counselors provide counseling to countless people  Abuse counselors work with substance abusers and with spouse and child abusers and their victims

27. Mental Health Professionals  Psychiatrists  Physicians who specialize in the treatment of psychological disorders  Not all psychiatrists have had extensive training in psychotherapy, but as M.D.s they can __________________. Thus, they tend to see those with the most serious problems  Many have a private practice

28. Drug Therapies ______________________ study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior has increasingly become the predominant form of treatment for psychological disorder often drug therapies are combined with psychotherapy to produce more effective results

29. Common Therapeutic Drugs  Prozac  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (______)’s  Prescribed for depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, and bulimia  _________________  A stimulant  Prescribed for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

30. Common Therapeutic Drugs  Xanax  Anti-anxiety medication  Prescribed for various anxiety disorders  Zyprexa  Anti-psychotic medication  Prescribed to treat psychotic symptoms of various disorders including schizophrenia

31. Drug Therapies

33. Biomedical Therapies  Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)  therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient  still used today  Psychosurgery  surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior  lobotomy  now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients

34. Electroconvulsive Therapy